There are great challenges regarding well-being among chronic disease patients because, besides clinical complications, chronic diseases contribute to psychological disorders. Among the usual chronic diseases, chronic kidney disease deserves special attention. The advanced stage of chronic kidney disease is called end-stage renal disease and is incompatible with life, unless some kind of renal replacement is performed. Hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis and kidney transplantation are the options to treat end-stage renal disease. Treatment with hemodialysis affects patients’ quality of life more intensely than heart failure, diabetes, chronic lung disease, arthritis and cancer. The cause of so much distress is the sum of stressors associated with end-stage renal disease and its treatments: illness, family changes, dietary constraints, time restrictions, functional limitations, financial constraints, changes in employment, change in sexual function, medication effects and awareness of impending death. Therefore, patients undergoing some kind of dialysis as well kidney transplanted patients need to be addressed in relation to subjective aspects to achieve an acceptable level of well-being. This cannot be done only by nephrologists. Successful approaches depend on multi-professional efforts, including nurses, nutritionists, social workers, psychologists and psychiatrists. In the Research Topic proposed here, we encourage manuscripts on a wide variety of studies as either Review, Mini-review, Perspective, Opinion, Original Research, Methods, or General Commentary articles, etc. We would particularly welcome studies on quality of life, depression, sexuality, coping styles, and spirituality among chronic kidney disease patients treated either with hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis or transplant. Studies on social support, familial, socioeconomic and cultural issues in the context of end-stage renal disease and its treatments would also be considered.