Effects of Nicotine and alkaloids of tobacco plant on extracellular level of dopamine in subcortical regions and behavior
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1
Sciences Semlalia, Biology, France
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2
University of Bordeaux 2, Life Sciences, France
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3
IMN UMR CNRS 5293, France
Nicotine, the main alkaloid fund in tobacco plant, is generally accepted as the chemical responsible for the addictive properties of tobacco. Other alkaloids in the plant have been suggested to participate in the biological action of nicotine. Here, we hypothesized that these molecules modulate the effect of nicotine on the activity of central dopamine (DA) neurons, one of the main cellular target in addiction to drug abuse, as well as on behaviors addressing locomotor activity and anxiety.
Effects of single injection of nicotine and alkaloids of tobacco plant at dose (i.p., 0,5 mg/kg) were investigated behaviorally on locomotor activity in the “open field” (monitored 10 min and 35 min post injection), and on anxiety-like status on digging and marble buring test and neurochemically on the efflux of DA monitored in vivo by intracerebral microdialysis in the striatum and the nucleus accumbens of freely-moving Sprague-dawley rats.
Results show that locomotor activity was significantly enhanced and reduced by nicotine and the extract, respectively, when compared to vehicle-treated rats (number of lines crossed in vehicle-, extract-,nicotine-treated rats: 56±6, 27±3, 106±13). In the digging and marble test, the number of marbles buried in the sawdust in controls (3±0.1) was significantly enhanced in extract-treated (5.8±0.2, p<0.01) only. Neurochemically, nicotine (0.5 mg/kg) enhanced accumbal and striatal DA extracellular levels (+47 and 20% above baseline, respectively). The extract (0.5 mg/kg, ip) evoked also a significant increase in DA extracellular levels in both regions (+33 and +38% above baseline). However, this effect was significantly higher compared to nicotine in the striatum (p<0.05) only.
In conclusion, we provide behavioral and neurochemical evidence that the tobacco extract induces distinct effects compared to sole nicotine as it favors anxiolytic-like behaviors and normalizes the impact of nicotine on the nigrostriatal and mesoaccumbal pathway.
Keywords:
Tobacco extract,
Nicotine,
locomotor activity,
Anxiety,
Dopamine release
Conference:
4th Conference of the Mediterrarnean Neuroscience Society, Istanbul, Türkiye, 30 Sep - 3 Oct, 2012.
Presentation Type:
Poster Presentation
Topic:
Abstracts
Citation:
Khalki
H,
Navailles
S,
Khalki
L,
Piron
C,
Chait
A and
De Deurwaerdère
P
(2013). Effects of Nicotine and alkaloids of tobacco plant on extracellular level of dopamine in subcortical regions and behavior.
Conference Abstract:
4th Conference of the Mediterrarnean Neuroscience Society.
doi: 10.3389/conf.fnhum.2013.210.00041
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Received:
07 Feb 2013;
Published Online:
11 Apr 2013.
*
Correspondence:
Prof. Philippe De Deurwaerdère, University of Bordeaux 2, Life Sciences, Bordeaux, 33076, France, deurwaer@u-bordeaux.fr