Nonstatistical Dissociation Dynamics of Nitrobenzene and ortho-Nitrophenol
Kenneth
J.
Blackshaw1,
Marcus
Marracci2,
Naa-Kwarley
Quartey1,
Wade
E.
Fritzeen1,
Robert
T.
Korb1,
Annalise
K.
Ajmani1,
Lehman
Montgomery1,
Geronimo
G.
Vanegas2,
Belinda
Ortega2,
Zach
Sarvas2,
John
Galvan2,
Andrew
S.
Petit2* and
Nathanael
M.
Kidwell1*
-
1
College of William & Mary, United States
-
2
California State University, Fullerton, United States
Aerosols are tiny particles that are found in urban and marine atmospheres, and other planetary atmospheres.1 One class of aerosols that is composed of organic particulates is known as Brown Carbon (BrC). Appearing brown in color, BrC aerosols derive their name from the organic carbon chromophores that absorb visible and UV solar radiation. BrC comes from multiple sources including smoldering fires and biomass burning, yet little is known regarding their atmospheric processing and fate. There is a growing amount of data indicating that BrC is widespread in specific geographic areas and urban environments, where it may contribute substantially or even dominate the total aerosol absorption at specific wavelengths. Several of the major light-absorbing chromophores in BrC have only recently been identified including nitroaromatics, and they are significant in terms of affecting climate change since energy from solar radiation will be retained in the atmosphere.2 Fundamental questions remain including the solar absorption and dissociation processes of BrC nitroaromatic chromophores, such as Nitrobenzene and ortho-Nitrophenol, which are important to answer to improve prediction of their impact in the atmosphere.
To address these knowledge gaps, our research incorporates Velocity Map Imaging (VMI) to mimic atmospheric solar processes. During experiments, the target BrC chromophore is photolyzed with a pump laser using 355 nm light, and the resulting nitric oxide (NO) fragments are detected with a probe laser. Therefore, the velocity and angular distributions of NO products are simultaneously recorded, which report on the reaction time scales and dissociation mechanisms from photolysis. In collaboration with theoretical chemists, our experimental results are compared to predictions in order to ascertain physical insights into the dissociation dynamics. Future work will include solar photolysis of increasingly more complex BrC nitroaromatic chromophores, which will offer even richer photochemistry.
References
(1) Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis: Working Group I Contribution to the Fifth Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change; Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, IPCC, 2014.'
(2) Laskin, A.; Laskin, J.; Nizkorodov, S. A. Chemistry of Atmospheric Brown Carbon. Chemical Reviews 2015, 115, 4335–4382.
Keywords:
Brown carbon (BrC),
Brown carbon chromophores,
Velocity map imaging,
Aerosols,
Nitric oxide - NO,
Nitrobenzene (NB),
Ortho-nitrophenol
Conference:
National Organization for the Professional Advancement of Black Chemists and Chemical Engineers (NOBCChE) 45th Annual Conference , Orlando, Florida, United States, 17 Sep - 20 Sep, 2018.
Presentation Type:
Poster Presentation
Topic:
Physical Chemistry
Citation:
Blackshaw
KJ,
Marracci
M,
Quartey
N,
Fritzeen
WE,
Korb
RT,
Ajmani
AK,
Montgomery
L,
Vanegas
GG,
Ortega
B,
Sarvas
Z,
Galvan
J,
Petit
AS and
Kidwell
NM
(2019). Nonstatistical Dissociation Dynamics of Nitrobenzene and ortho-Nitrophenol.
Front. Chem.
Conference Abstract:
National Organization for the Professional Advancement of Black Chemists and Chemical Engineers (NOBCChE) 45th Annual Conference .
doi: 10.3389/conf.fchem.2018.01.00062
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Received:
14 Oct 2018;
Published Online:
17 Jan 2019.
*
Correspondence:
Dr. Andrew S Petit, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, California, 92831, United States, apetit@fullerton.edu
Dr. Nathanael M Kidwell, College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia, 23185, United States, nmkidwell@wm.edu