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Morphological analysis of MCF-7 cells treated with chalcone derivatives

FATIMAH HASHIM1, 2, Wan Mohd Khairul Wan Mohamed Zin3, Mas Mohamed3, Nurul Shazwani Mohd Norhadi Shah3, Syed Ahmad Tajudin Tuan Johari3, 4, Adibah Izzati Daud3, 5* and Rafizah RAHAMATHULLAH3, 5
  • 1 Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Malaysia
  • 2 Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Malaysia
  • 3 School of Fundamental Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Malaysia
  • 4 Faculty of Bioresources and Food Industry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Malaysia
  • 5 Faculty of Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Malaysia

Background Three chalcone derivatives substituted with nitro, trifluomethyl and cyano chalcone have been synthesised and characterised. They were then evaluated for their cytotoxicity potential in inhibiting the growth of MCF-7 cells. This is based on the presence of conjugated double bond within the molecular framework by having delocalised ℼ electrons system on both aromatic rings. Methods Fifty percent inhibition concentration (IC50) of all chalcone derivatives were obtained via the MTT assay. The morphological changes of the MCF-7 were then observed under light microscopy. Apoptosis in cells were examined through fluorescence acridine orange and propidium iodide staining. Phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure were determined by Annexin V staining and observed under fluorescence microscopy. Results Nitro and trifluoromethyl chalcone compounds showed active activity against MCF7 with IC50 values 14.75 and 13.75 µg/mL, respectively. Cyano chalcone was, however, found to be inactive (IC50 > highest tested concentration). Both active compounds have triggered morphological changes to the MCF-7 cells which included cell shrinkage, rounded and clumping. The compounds also induced apoptosis with cell blebbing. Other apoptosis indicator included PS localisation on the external phospholipid bilayer. Conclusion Based on cell morphological changes observed in the present study, nitro and trifluoromethyl chalcone compounds could potentially cause apoptosis in MCF-7 cells.

Acknowledgements

The author(s) would like to acknowledge School of Fundamental Science of UMT and Animal Tissue Culture Laboratory of UniSZA for financial and facilities support.

References

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Keywords: Chalcone, conjugated rings, MCF- 7 cancer cell line, Apoptosis, phosphatidylserine

Conference: International Conference on Drug Discovery and Translational Medicine 2018 (ICDDTM '18) “Seizing Opportunities and Addressing Challenges of Precision Medicine”, Putrajaya, Malaysia, 3 Dec - 5 Feb, 2019.

Presentation Type: Oral Presentation

Topic: Cancer

Citation: HASHIM F, Wan Mohamed Zin W, Mohamed M, Mohd Norhadi Shah N, Tuan Johari S, Daud A and RAHAMATHULLAH R (2019). Morphological analysis of MCF-7 cells treated with chalcone derivatives. Front. Pharmacol. Conference Abstract: International Conference on Drug Discovery and Translational Medicine 2018 (ICDDTM '18) “Seizing Opportunities and Addressing Challenges of Precision Medicine”. doi: 10.3389/conf.fphar.2018.63.00123

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Received: 18 Nov 2018; Published Online: 17 Jan 2019.

* Correspondence: Miss. Adibah Izzati Daud, School of Fundamental Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, 21030, Malaysia, adizzati@gmail.com