Oral diseases in a clinical unit of oral medicine and pathology in a 20 months period
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1
Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Department of Dentistry, Italy
Aim. Since December 2016 a new clinical unit of Oral Medicine and Pathology (OMP) Unit has been established at the Dental Clinic in the IRCCS San Raffaele University Hospital of Milano - Italy. The aim of this retrospective study is to assess the characteristics of the cohort of patients complaining acute and chronic diseases and conditions of the oral soft tissues and seeking for diagnosis and treatment in our clinic in the last 20-months period The frequencies of the different pathologies and the relations between the oral disorders and subjective symptoms like burning, pain and xerostomia have been evaluated.
Materials and Methods. Medical histories, clinical charts and records of the patients visited in our OMP Unit, were collected and filed in a customized secured digital database, along with the final clinical and histopathologic oral diagnosis and the therapeutic information, according to the GDPR. The data collected contained demography including sex, age, educational level and professional activity, medical histories, drug therapies, clinical and histopathological diagnosis, surgery and other cures prescribed. The cohort examined included 471 patients presented for the first visit in the last 20 months since 12-2016 and followed during 2017 and 2018. The patient data were statistically analyzed with JMP 9.0 software in a Macbook pc observing and comparing frequencies, distributions and correlations between demographic and clinical data.
Results. Among the 471 patients examined, 305 were females and 166 males; the mean age was 54.5 yrs ± 18.26 sd (age range 1 - 93 yrs, mean age 56.6 for females and 50.1 for males). The distribution of the population in age groups is shown. 47.7% of the patients examined were in good general health while 52.3% had co-morbidities including 72 patients with cardiovascular diseases, 46 with neurological disorders, 42 patients with metabolic and/or endocrine diseases, 20 with gastrointestinal problems and 20 pts with cancers. Thirty-eight percent (no.179 pts) of the subjects examined were in chronic treatment with drugs with a xerogenic effect. The oral lesions most frequently observed and treated were benign mucosal growths and pseudotumors like traumatic fibroma and salivary cysts in 54 patients (11.3%) and traumatic ulcers in 35 patients (7.4%). Oral lichen planus was found in 62 patients (13.2%), aphthous ulcers were detected in 23 patients (4.9%), geographic tongue in 23 (4.9%), keratosis of the oral mucosa like leukoplakias and frictional keratosis in 39 patients (8.3%) and oral cancer in 10 patients. Burning and/or mucosal pain were the chief complaint in 109 patients (23.1%) (Fig.4), significantly prevalent in inflammatory oral conditions (p<0.0001); subjective symptoms of dry mouth were spontaneously reported by 42 patients (8.9%), more common in women (n.s.) and in patients with inflammatory oral conditions (p<0.01). If requested the symptom was confirmed by 122 patients more often in patients taking xerogenic drugs.
Discussion. Inflammatory diseases and oral conditions can affect patients' quality of life and can cause symptoms including burning, pain and xerostomia, which should be treated with a sympathetic approach and relieving treatments. It should be highlighted the relevance of a prompt diagnosis to identify severe and/or progressing oral diseases and to quickly provide the appropriate cures.
References
1. Martínez Díaz-Canel AI, García-Pola Vallejo MJ. - Epidemiological study of oral mucosa pathology in patients of the Oviedo School of Stomatology - Med Oral. 2002 Jan-Feb;7(1):4-9, 10-6.
2. Yuan A. Woo Sb., Adverse drug events in the oral cavity Oral Surgery Oral Med Oral Path Oral Radiology (2015) Jan; 119 35-47
3. Abdalla-Aslan R, Benoliel R, Sharav Y, Czerninski R - Characterization of pain originating from oral mucosal lesions.Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2016 Mar;121(3):255-61.
Keywords:
Oral lesions,
Mouth Mucosa,
Oral diseases,
Burning mouth,
Xerostomia
Conference:
5th National and 1st International Symposium of Italian Society of Oral Pathology and Medicine., Ancona, Italy, 19 Oct - 20 Oct, 2018.
Presentation Type:
Poster Presentation
Topic:
Oral Diseases
Citation:
Toma
F,
Lissoni
A,
Peri
A,
Cisternino
L,
Capparè
P and
Abati
S
(2019). Oral diseases in a clinical unit of oral medicine and pathology in a 20 months period.
Front. Physiol.
Conference Abstract:
5th National and 1st International Symposium of Italian Society of Oral Pathology and Medicine..
doi: 10.3389/conf.fphys.2019.27.00070
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Received:
05 Nov 2018;
Published Online:
09 Dec 2019.
*
Correspondence:
Dr. Fabiola Toma, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Department of Dentistry, Milan, Lombardy, 20132, Italy, f.toma@studenti.unisr.it