Mechanical and biological properties of alginate-coated beta-tricalcium phosphate-fiber scaffold
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1
Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, Materials and Life Sciences, Japan
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2
School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, Applied Chemistry, Japan
An increase in the number of patients with metabolic bone disease is a major concern for the super-aged society. Tissue engineering plays an important role in reconstructive orthopedic surgery for such patients. We have studied a three-dimensional scaffold that is constituted with fibrous hydroxyapatite (HAp)-fiber scaffold (AFS). The material has complex pore structures where macropores provide spaces for cell proliferation and micropores allow the circulation of culture medium and nutrients. Thus, AFS is suitable for the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblastic cells. HAp-based materials have been widely used as a bone substitute. However, the low bioabsorbability of HAp is problematic for long-term usage of the material. Beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) is also known as an osteoconductive material and has high bioabsorbability. Our collaborators have also developed β-TCP-fiber scaffolds (βTFS) by sintering the green compacts of the fibrous β-TCP and spherical carbon beads. In the present study, we examined the effects of alginate coating of fibers on the bioabsorbability of a scaffold. Alginic acid is a natural polysaccharide that is also widely utilized in tissue engineering. The cross-linking and gelation of alginate can be easily tailored to control the desired properties. Thus, we aim to control the physiological and biological properties of βTFS by coating it with alginate polymers.
Porous β-TCP scaffolds were made from a mixture of spherical carbon beads (~150 µm in diameter) and β-TCP fiber at ratios of 20:1. For the alginate-coating, βTFSs were placed on the center of each drop of sodium alginate solution (Sigma-Aldrich, 1-3%; w/v). After the scaffolds had settled for 20 min, the excess solutions were wiped away, and the scaffolds were frozen in liquid nitrogen and lyophilized. The microstructure of the βTFS was observed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Mechanical and biological properties will be reported in this meeting.
Sodium alginate solution at low concentration was absorbed into the scaffold faster than those at high concentration. Within 10 min of absorption, all solutions had permeated the entire scaffold. Microscopic observation using SEM revealed that the highly porous structure was maintained, even after being coated with the alginate solution. It seems that the fibrous structure of the βTFS did not allow the solution to fill in the macropores and only allowed it to remain on the fiber surface after lyophilization. In this meeting, we will report the effects of the alginate coating on the proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 mouse osteoblastic cells cultured in the scaffold.
Keywords:
Bone Regeneration,
3D scaffold,
Cell response,
Biodegradable material
Conference:
10th World Biomaterials Congress, Montréal, Canada, 17 May - 22 May, 2016.
Presentation Type:
Poster
Topic:
Biomaterials and cellular signaling
Citation:
Izawa
K,
Takeoka
Y,
Aizawa
M and
Kanzawa
N
(2016). Mechanical and biological properties of alginate-coated beta-tricalcium phosphate-fiber scaffold.
Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.
Conference Abstract:
10th World Biomaterials Congress.
doi: 10.3389/conf.FBIOE.2016.01.02572
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Received:
27 Mar 2016;
Published Online:
30 Mar 2016.