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Assessment of the toxicity of chromium oxide III nanoparticles on the marine microcrustacean Mysidopsis juniae

Therezinha M. Oliveira1*, Jonas Fugazza1*, Cleiton Vaz2*, Tamila Kleine1*, Ana C. De Almeida3* and William G. Matias4*
  • 1 Universidade da Região de Joinville- Univille, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Meio Ambiente, Brazil
  • 2 Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Brazil
  • 3 Universidade Federal do Parana - UFPR, Brazil
  • 4 Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Engenharia Ambiental e Sanitária, Brazil

Nanotechnology is currently regarded as an innovative scientific and economic growth area; it arouses interest in diverse sectors, and its application has already been spread through many areas, including pharmaceutics, electronic equipment, paint and manufacture industries, among others. However, the available toxicological data are insufficient to identify precisely the effects to health and environment resulting from nanocompound usage. Among the nanoparticles, those of chromium oxide III (NP Cr203) show a great diversity of applications, including its usage by the navigation sector. Therefore, this work aims to assess the toxicity of NP Cr203 in reconstituted marine water by using toxicological employing the Mysidopsis juniae microcrustacean. In order to do so, characterization of NP Cr2O3 was performed through different physical-chemical techniques, in different environments, toxicological evaluation through toxicity tests of the NP Cr203, of acute and chronic exposure with CL50(96h) definition (5 mg.L-1). The results of the NP Cr203 characterization by Transmission Electric Microscopy (TEM), Scanning Electric Microscopy with Field Emission (SEM-FE) and x-ray Diffractometry showed that the particle diameter is in nanometric scale (21.8mm), showing further that there is a suspended formation of great aggregates of NP, especially in saline environment, which was confirmed by the analysis of the hydrodynamic diameter. The CL50(96h) found for the tested organism exposed to NP Cr2O3 was of 58,86 mg.L-1. The chronic and transgenerational test showed that only the 2nd generation mortality pattern exposed to a concentration of 5 mg.L-1 of NP Cr2O3 was affected by the substance under study (p<0,05). Finally, it was possible to verify, in the chromium ion analyses, for the acute tests as well as for the chronic ones, the presence of Cr (VI), keeping in mind that the in 5 mg.L-1 of NP Cr2O3 he concentration of Cr (VI) as of 0,25 mg.L-1, a result above the standard threshold for the effluent emission defined by the resolution CONAMA 430/2011, exponentially increasing for the other assessed concentrations. Thus, this study shows that NP Cr2O3, when dispersed in a saline environment and found in a very small diameter, tend to present low stability, being able to contribute to the accumulation of NP, and being a possible cause for the lessening of toxicity, since it could hamper organism absorption; however, this very instability also contributes to the release of ions, and, in this study, the presence of Cr (VI) was verified, which may be, in this case, the greatest cause for the toxicity that was found.

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Keywords: Toxicity, Nanoparticles, Mysidopsis juniae, Nanotechnology, marine

Conference: XIX Iberian Symposium on Marine Biology Studies, Porto, Portugal, 5 Sep - 9 Sep, 2016.

Presentation Type: Poster Presentation

Topic: 1. ECOLOGY, BIODIVERSITY AND VULNERABLE ECOSYSTEMS

Citation: Oliveira TM, Fugazza J, Vaz C, Kleine T, De Almeida AC and Matias WG (2016). Assessment of the toxicity of chromium oxide III nanoparticles on the marine microcrustacean Mysidopsis juniae. Front. Mar. Sci. Conference Abstract: XIX Iberian Symposium on Marine Biology Studies. doi: 10.3389/conf.FMARS.2016.05.00222

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Received: 02 Sep 2016; Published Online: 03 Sep 2016.

* Correspondence:
Dr. Therezinha M Oliveira, Universidade da Região de Joinville- Univille, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Meio Ambiente, Joinville, Brazil, tnovais@univille.br
MD. Jonas Fugazza, Universidade da Região de Joinville- Univille, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Meio Ambiente, Joinville, Brazil, jonasfugazza@hotmail.com
Dr. Cleiton Vaz, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Pinhalzinho, Brazil, cleitonvaz@yahoo.com
MD. Tamila Kleine, Universidade da Região de Joinville- Univille, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Meio Ambiente, Joinville, Brazil, tamila.kleine@gmail.com
Miss. Ana C De Almeida, Universidade Federal do Parana - UFPR, Pontal do Paraná, Brazil, ana.oceanografia@gmail.com
Dr. William G Matias, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Engenharia Ambiental e Sanitária, Florianópolis, Brazil, william.g.matias@ufsc.br