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Risk factors associated with viral haemorrhagic septicemia outbreaks in rainbow trout farms in Iran during 2014-2015

Kamran Absalanfard1 and Saeed Bokaie2*
  • 1 Bushehr veterinary office, Laboratory, Iran
  • 2 Tehran univercity, Faculty of veterinary medicine, Iran

Introduction and objective: In Iran Rainbow trout farming Industry has developed since two recent decades which number of Rainbow trout farms reached up to 5186 farms and annual production of 131000 tons. Production of Rainbow trout mostly takes place on in land fresh water farms, which get their water supply from spring sour rives. The main source of fry demand is from imported eye eggs from European country. VHS is a major disease of Rainbow trout around the world. In Iran it reported and confirmed since 2003. In 2013 new outbreaks of VHS with high mortality reported and confirmed with laboratory tests in Iran. Mentioned outbreaks caused great economic losses to farming industry. The purpose of this study is to determine probable risk factors associated with incidence of this disease in Iranian rainbow trout farms for designing contingency plan for control and eradication of the disease. Material and methods: this study was cross sectional in design and conducted throughout the country from March 2014 to February 2015. target population were all Rainbow farms in the country which they are about 4844 consist of Hatcheries , farms and farm and hatching that registered in Iranian veterinary aquatic health monitoring and surveillance database (GIS). Study population was 1140 farms in 2014 and 1384 farms in 2015 visited by veterinary Services and their data were registered in system. The questionnaire for independent variables was designed according to advice from veterinary experts regarding likely risk factors of VHS in Iran. The questionnaire was completed through a direct interview of the Farmers. Samples were taken from dead fishes in affected farms and sent to laboratory for diagnostic tests. Results: In 2014, 144 farms out 1140 farms, were infected (13%) including 125 rearing farms, 3 hatcheries and 16 hatched with farms. In 2015, 65 farms out of 1384 were infected (5%) including 55 rearing farms, 2 hatcheries and 6 hatched farms. Univariable analysis by chi-square revealed that having authority health certificate with odds ratio 0.47 , 95% CI (0.32-0.68) and having fence around farms with odds ratio 0.59 , 95% CI (0.39-0.9) and Farm type (Hatching and rearing farms) with odds ratio 0.47 , 95% CI (0.24-0.9) were protecting factors and stocking without healthy certified with odds ratio 4.2 and 95%CI (2,9-6) and stocking unknown health eyed egg with odds ratio 4.75 and 95%CI (1.04-21) and were risk factors for VHS. Discussion: The results of this study shows that farms have authority health certificate by veterinary services as with this certificate, farms adjust their management and biosecurity plane. Also transmission of the disease occurs horizontally by Mechanical vectors such as rodents, anglers and birds moving between farms .so fence can decreased risk of introduction of virus to the farm.

References

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Keywords: VHSV, rainbow trout, outbreak, Iran, disease control;

Conference: AquaEpi I - 2016, Oslo, Norway, 20 Sep - 22 Sep, 2016.

Presentation Type: Oral

Topic: Aquatic Animal Epidemiology

Citation: Absalanfard K and Bokaie S (2016). Risk factors associated with viral haemorrhagic septicemia outbreaks in rainbow trout farms in Iran during 2014-2015. Front. Vet. Sci. Conference Abstract: AquaEpi I - 2016. doi: 10.3389/conf.FVETS.2016.02.00029

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Received: 30 May 2016; Published Online: 14 Sep 2016.

* Correspondence: Prof. Saeed Bokaie, Tehran univercity, Faculty of veterinary medicine, Tehran, Tehran, Iran, sbokaie@ut.ac.ir