Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV): a systematic review
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1
Kerman University of Medical Science, Department of Immunology, Iran
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2
School of Basic Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Depatment of Genetics, Iran
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3
Tehran University of Medical Science, Department of Genetics, Iran
Background: Hepatitis C virus induces inflammatory signals, leading to hepatitis, hepatocellular carcinomas and lymphomas. TLR4 has some roles in pathogenesis of hepatitis C, but its mechanism is controversial. To review the available literature on the Importance of TLR4 in pathogenesis of hepatitis C a systematic review of all published articles with the special MeSH terms was done.
Methods: A computerized search strategy using PubMed with MeSH Terms (Hepatitis C, hepacivirus and toll like receptor 4 as the main headings) was done.
Results: The computerized searches between years 1960-2012 yielded 39 articles of which 32 were potentially appropriate for inclusion; 5 out of 32 were on TLR4 gene polymorphisms and 27 were about its functional aspects. In 66%, TLR4's role was evaluated in immune cells, 26% in non-immune cells and in 7% both immune and non-immune cells were assessed. TLR4 up-regulation, down regulation and signaling/downstream effects were reported in 8, 2 and 8 articles respectively. From 8 articles about TLR4 up-regulation, 5 (63%) showed over-expression in immune cells and 3 in non-immune cells. TLR4 down regulation were also observed in both immune and non-immune cells. In 15% (5/32) of articles it is believed that activation of TLR4 is irrelevant of the origin or viral dose.
Conclusion: This is the first review about the Importance of TLR4 in hepatitis C. It seems that TLR4 may play different roles in different cells in HCV hepatic infection. More cell specific studies are recommended.
Keywords:
Hepatitis C,
Hepacivirus,
Toll like receptor,
immune cell,
non immune cell
Conference:
15th International Congress of Immunology (ICI), Milan, Italy, 22 Aug - 27 Aug, 2013.
Presentation Type:
Abstract
Topic:
Innate immunity
Citation:
Kazemi Sefat
N,
Kezemi Sefat
G and
Talebi
S
(2013). Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV): a systematic review
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Front. Immunol.
Conference Abstract:
15th International Congress of Immunology (ICI).
doi: 10.3389/conf.fimmu.2013.02.00631
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Received:
11 Jun 2013;
Published Online:
22 Aug 2013.
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Correspondence:
Miss. Nazanin Atieh Kazemi Sefat, Kerman University of Medical Science, Department of Immunology, Kerman, Iran, nazaninks78@yahoo.com