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Abnormal IgA1 O-Glycosylation in a Multi-ethnic population of IgA Nephropathy Patients in KwaZulu Natal, South Africa.

Prishani Nansook1* and Alain G. Assounga1
  • 1 University of KwaZulu Natal, Nephrology, South Africa

Title: Abnormal IgA1 O-Glycosylation in a Multi-ethnic population of IgA Nephropathy Patients in KwaZulu Natal, South Africa.
Authors: Prishani Nansook; Prof. A.G.H. Assounga
Institution: Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu Natal.

Background - IgAN is a leading cause of chronic disease and end-stage renal disease worldwide. The pathogenesis is poorly understood and no curative therapy currently exists.

Studies in Caucasian and Asian (Chinese; Japanese) populations, including a few of African American, describe elevated abnormally degalactosylated IgA1 molecules in sera, exposing the GalNAc antigen. Immune complexes mask the ligand for the hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptor, preventing clearance, promoting selective mesangial deposition which show higher levels of degalactosylation compared to the serum of the patient. There is a lack of pathogenetic data on IgAN in Africa.

Objective - To study the O-glycosylation of serum IgA1 molecules in a multi-ethnic population of IgAN patients in KwaZulu Natal, South Africa.

Materials and Methods - An ELISA based lectin binding assay was used to measure and compare the level of IgA1 degalactoslyation between IgAN patients and controls. Participants included individuals of African, Caucasian, Coloured, Indian (predominantly) and mixed-race descent. 19 IgAN patients were recruited between 2005 and 2011; 53% were terminal. The mean A value corresponding to the degree of degalactosylation, for the IgAN group was compared to that of the normal control group for each test. Where the distribution of data did not pass the normality test, a non-parametric Wilcoxon matched pairs test was used. The two-tailed p value was used to assess for statistical significance between the groups.

Results
When all the means of the tests were compared, the average means of the tests of the IgAN patients was 0.3678+- 0.0790 SEM which is statistically significantly greater than the normal controls which was 0.2969=-0.0586 SEM (p = 0.0076). IgAN patients exhibited abnormal IgA1 O-glycosylation with a greater level of terminal degalactosylation of IgA1 in comparison to normal controls.

Discussion
This finding is consistent with that of other populations globally; supporting a universal strategy for therapeutic or curative agents that target this aberrancy.

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Keywords: IgA nephropathy, IgA1, O-glycosylation, Vicia villosa, Glomerulonephritis

Conference: 15th International Congress of Immunology (ICI), Milan, Italy, 22 Aug - 27 Aug, 2013.

Presentation Type: Abstract

Topic: Immune-mediated disease pathogenesis

Citation: Nansook P and Assounga AG (2013). Abnormal IgA1 O-Glycosylation in a Multi-ethnic population of IgA Nephropathy Patients in KwaZulu Natal, South Africa.. Front. Immunol. Conference Abstract: 15th International Congress of Immunology (ICI). doi: 10.3389/conf.fimmu.2013.02.01165

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Received: 07 Aug 2013; Published Online: 22 Aug 2013.

* Correspondence: Miss. Prishani Nansook, University of KwaZulu Natal, Nephrology, Durban, Kwa Zulu Natal, 4001, South Africa, p.nansook@gmail.com