Oxidative stress: the big bang of the complement-mediated pathologies
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1
Unit of Immunology, Military University Hospital of Oran, HMRUO, Algeria
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2
Laboratory of Applied Molecular Biology and Immunology. University of Tlemcen, Algeria
The complement system (C’) has been associated with a growing number of immunological and inflammatory conditions. Although complement-mediated pathologies so far have often been looked at in an isolated manner, a common pattern within a wide spectrum of disease forms begins to emerge with oxidative stress (OS) as inducer. These pathologies include especially cancers, ischemic and degenerative disorders. The most promising potential mechanisms leading to these diseases injury include recruitment and activation of inflammatory cells and local priming of the C’. This short review will focus on the current state of the art knowledge about a vicious cycle between tissue damage resulting from OS, C’ activation and immune attack perpetually resulting in re-creation of inflammatory stimulators. We show how reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydrogen peroxide directly activate C5 via a nonenzymatic mechanism, the OS alteration of the cell surface membrane glycosylation leading to increased mannose-binding lectin deposition, activation and amplification of the adverse effects of C’ activation, and finally the potential link between the complement cascade priming, NOX-4 activation, and α-SMA expression. We also expose the case of age-related degenerative diseases where the OS adduct malondialdehyde as starter and provided a functional explanation for the age-related macular degeneration. We explain how production of ROS can trigger apoptosis and necrosis resulting in neoepitopes exposition typically found in ischemic diseases like stroke, myocardial infarction, trauma, sepsis, shock, and cardiopulmonary bypass surgery which constitute another widespread pathological area in which C’ is integrally involved. Finally, we deserve closer attention for the new concept of the tumor-promoting role for C’ which may induce angiogenesis and activate cancer-related signaling pathways in such OS disease.
Keywords:
Oxidative Stress,
complement-mediated pathologies,
theoretical model.,
Inflammation,
Tissue damage
Conference:
The First International Congress of Immunology and Molecular Immunopathology (CIMIP2014), Tlemcen, Algeria, 17 Oct - 20 Oct, 2014.
Presentation Type:
Oral Presentation
Topic:
Lymphoproliferative disorders
Citation:
Kerboua
K,
Meziane
W,
Hadjidj
Z,
Bouemediene
A and
Aribi
M
(2014). Oxidative stress: the big bang of the complement-mediated pathologies.
Front. Immunol.
Conference Abstract:
The First International Congress of Immunology and Molecular Immunopathology (CIMIP2014).
doi: 10.3389/conf.fimmu.2014.04.00028
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Received:
06 Oct 2014;
Published Online:
01 Dec 2014.
*
Correspondence:
Prof. Mourad Aribi, Laboratory of Applied Molecular Biology and Immunology. University of Tlemcen, Tlemcen, Algeria, mourad.aribi@univ-tlemcen.dz