HIV infection in patients with intraocular inflammation
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1
AIDS Research Laboratory, Cuba
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2
Cuban Ophthalmology Institute “Ramón Pando Ferrer", Cuba
Uveitis is the most common form of inflammatory eye disease. It is considered a major cause of blindness and visual impairment in the world so that responsible for 5-25% of legal blindness. Although most cases of uveitis are considered mediated by the immune system disease, infectious disease is the second most important in the etiology of uveal disease. Viruses have a significant role in uveitis, such as the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In Cuba, where uveitis constitute a health problem of great interest, the real magnitude that involvement of HIV in this ocular disorder is unknown. In order to determine the frequency of HIV infection in patients with uveitis and its relationship with the immune status of patients, a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with intraocular inflammation examined in the service of uveítis at "Ramón Pando Ferrer" Cuban Ophthalmology Institute between May 2013 and May 2014. Investigation of VIH-1 and VIH-2 serologic status was performed using inmunochromagraphic test (Hexagon HIV,Human, Germany) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA Vironostika HIV Ag/Ab, bioMérieux, France; DAVIH VIH-2, Laboratorios DAVIH, Cuba). Seropositive results were confirmed using Western blot test (DAVIH BLOT VIH-1 y 2, Laboratorios DAVIH, Cuba). The sample included 95 patients, of which seven were seropositive for HIV-1 (7.4%). The males (85.7%) were more affected than females with ages ranging from 35 to 54 years. In patients with HIV-1, posterior uveitis (57%) was the predominant anatomical type of uveitis, followed by panuveitis (43%), and blindness in 57.1% of patients as sequelae of intraocular inflammation. The seven patients infected with HIV had a CD4+ cell count of at least 500 cells/mL at the time of diagnosis; and 57% of patients had CD4 counts less than 100 cells/mL. The ocular syphilis (43%) was the most common associated condition with uveitis. Other associated conditions were cytomegalovirus retinitis (28.5%) and toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis (28.5%). Severe intraocular inflammation presented by these patients could be due to the late diagnosis of HIV in patients, as a result of the evaluation of uveitis, when they were an advanced state of immunodeficiency. For the first time a retrovirus screening study was conducted in patients with uveitis and showed the important role of HIV-1 in intraocular inflammatory diseases
Keywords:
HIV infection,
Uveitis,
CD4+ cell count,
Ocular syphilis,
Late diagnosis
Conference:
IMMUNOCOLOMBIA2015 - 11th Congress of the Latin American Association of Immunology - 10o. Congreso de la Asociación Colombiana de Alergia, Asma e Inmunología, Medellin, Colombia, 13 Oct - 16 Oct, 2015.
Presentation Type:
Poster Presentation
Topic:
Infectious and parasitic diseases
Citation:
Enriquez Puertas
JM,
Noa Romero
E,
Ambou
I,
Benitez
M,
Cruz
Y,
Díaz
H,
Romero
K,
Vilches
D,
Muñoz
B,
Valdés
N and
Dubed
M
(2015). HIV infection in patients with intraocular inflammation.
Front. Immunol.
Conference Abstract:
IMMUNOCOLOMBIA2015 - 11th Congress of the Latin American Association of Immunology - 10o. Congreso de la Asociación Colombiana de Alergia, Asma e Inmunología.
doi: 10.3389/conf.fimmu.2015.05.00165
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Received:
15 May 2015;
Published Online:
14 Sep 2015.
*
Correspondence:
Dr. Juliet M Enriquez Puertas, AIDS Research Laboratory, San José de las Lajas, mayabeque, 32700, Cuba, mariadelrpr@nauta.cu