Evidence of human Tcell lymphotropic virus (HTLV-I) circulation in the cuban southeast area
-
1
AIDS research Laboratory, Cuba
The first detection of the human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) in 1980 marked the identification of the first human retrovirus. While approximately 95% of HTLV-I infected individuals will remain asymptomatic for their lifetimes, roughly 5% of these patients will develop disease. Numerous diseases have been associated with the virus, including an aggressive mature T cell malignancy termed adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) and the HTLV-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) that constitute the indicative main illnesses of the circulation of HTLV-I virus in endemic areas. Santiago de Cuba province is located in the southeast of Cuba and historically it has had a wide migratory exchange with other HTLV-I endemic Caribbean islands near to this province. The aim of this paper was to confirm the existence or not of the HTLV-I infection in this province where has not been reported any HTLV seropositive person up to this moment. It is a prospective screening study carried out between September of 2009 and January of 2012 in some sentinel places of Santiago de Cuba (Cuba). We studied 1548 sera samples: 1436 blood donor, 35 transfused patients and 77 persons with clinical symptoms associated to this virus. We used enzyme-linked immunosorbent (EIA) and Western blot assays (DAVIH-BLOT HTLV-I (DAVIH Laboratories, Cuba) to detect and confirm the HTLV-I specific antibodies. In HTLV-I seropositive samples, we practiced the molecular analysis by specific PCR HTLV I/II and the phylogenetic study was made with several worldwide reference strains. Samples were subjected to an “in house” nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify tax and pol genes. Sequencing in both directions was performed using the Genome Lab TM Dye Terminator Cycle Sequence with Quick Start kit following the manufacturer’s directions and with the inner primers of the heminested PCR employed. Sequencing products were read on a CEQ TM 8800 genetic analyzer. Neighbor-joining (NJ) and maximum likelihood (ML) trees were generated by PAUP 4.0. The K2+G model was selected as the best model for the phylogenetic analysis (alpha parameter=0.64). The nucleotide model was inferred using Modeltest. The reliability of the NJ trees was assessed by analyzing 1000 bootstrap replicates. For ML trees, a heuristic search was performed with a subtree pruning regrafting branch swapping algorithm using the NJ tree as the starting material, including its optimized parameters. The likelihood ratio test (RT) method was used to calculate statistical support for the branches and the bootstrap values for the ML analysis were obtained with the PHYML program. Two samples were HTLV-I ELISA reactive and WB seropositive and both complied with the WB minimum-level criterion of HTLV positivity displaying reactivity against the env gene protein (gp46) and gag (p19, p24, p53) gene proteins. These samples belong to a blood donor (A) and a patient with spastic paraparesis symptoms (B) respectively. The PCR analysis of these samples revealed that the sample (B) was positive to HTLV-I PCR (for the genes tax, pol and 3'LTR region) and negative to HTLV-II PCR and it aligned with Caribbean and Latin-american variants of Cosmolipolitan group and Transcontinental A subgroup of HTLV-I virus and the sample (A) was negative in both PCR (HTLV I/II). In HAM/TSP patient (B sample), the active search in the sentinel place was a useful epidemiological tool according to the Strategic Plan of STI/HIV/aids Control and Prevention Program that recommends the combined use of serological and molecular tools with clinic-epidemiological analysis. After these results, a new province of this area is added to the list of cuban provinces in those that the HTLV-I circulation has been demonstrated. Our work team expects to continue these kind of studies in the future as well as enlarge the collaboration with another sentinel places in central and east of our country that they represent the fewer explored places in our country with relationship to this virus.
Keywords:
HTLV,
diagnostic,
ELISA,
Serological Diagnosis,
virus
Conference:
IMMUNOCOLOMBIA2015 - 11th Congress of the Latin American Association of Immunology - 10o. Congreso de la Asociación Colombiana de Alergia, Asma e Inmunología, Medellin, Colombia, 13 Oct - 16 Oct, 2015.
Presentation Type:
Poster Presentation
Topic:
Infectious and parasitic diseases
Citation:
Martín
D
(2015). Evidence of human Tcell lymphotropic virus (HTLV-I) circulation in the cuban southeast area.
Front. Immunol.
Conference Abstract:
IMMUNOCOLOMBIA2015 - 11th Congress of the Latin American Association of Immunology - 10o. Congreso de la Asociación Colombiana de Alergia, Asma e Inmunología.
doi: 10.3389/conf.fimmu.2015.05.00173
Copyright:
The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers.
They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters.
The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated.
Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed.
For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions.
Received:
01 Jun 2015;
Published Online:
14 Sep 2015.
*
Correspondence:
MD. Dayamí Martín, AIDS research Laboratory, Mayabeque, Cuba, yanu@infomed.sld.cu