Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in Parasites.
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1
Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas - ESPE, Sciende of life, Ecuador
The gender of the apicomplexa are a large family of parasitic protozoa responsible for many diseases in humans and animals. This is the case of Toxoplasma gondii, toxoplasmosis agent and Cryptosporidium parvum, responsible for cryptosporidiosis. These pathogens are a real threat to public and animal health. Currently, the only way to fight these parasites remains chemotherapy because there is no effective prophylactic strategy. Identifying based vaccines decryption of these defense mechanisms against infectious agents.
A study observing the innate response and in particular, forms of constant recognition of these parasites was performed intracellular signaling. Murine model studied the role of MyD88 adapter and the inflammasome involvement in inducing a protective immune response against against T. gondii infection or C. parvum. Demonstrating that MyD88 is essential when installing cerebral T. gondii; their absence leads to a deadly neurotoxoplasmose. This sensitivity is related to the brain significantly decreased expression of Th1 cytokines, IL-12, IFN-γ and TNF-α and chemokines CCL3, levels of CCL5, CCL7 and CCL19, a significant defect in the CD8 + T lymphocytes and Infiltration of CD11b + and F4 / 80 + cells. These results establish a role of MyD88 in controlling Toxoplasma infection in the central nervous system. And TLRs (Toll-like receptors) are essential for the recognition of pathogens.
Turn on the intestinal chamber, protection is seen in C. parvum infection. Apicomplexa Therefore, an increase was observed in the responses of intestinal IL-1 β infected mice. In a model of mice infected with C. parvum, the IL-1 β is not involved in infection control. However, the inflammasome is involved in the development of protective immune responses against C. parvum as ASC-deficient mice have a very high parasite load but the protection mechanism and inflammasome involved remain to be identified.
These signaling pathways RRPs are important in understanding the mechanism of entry of the parasites and mode of infection and development of new avenues for a vaccination strategy.
References
MyD88 is crucial for the development of a protective CNS immune response to Toxoplasma gondii infection
Interleukin 17 Receptor Signaling Is Deleterious during Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Susceptible BL6 Mice
Keywords:
inflamasome,
Toxoplasma gondii,
Cryptosporidium parvum,
TLRs (Toll-like receptors),
Pattern Recognition Receptors,
Apicomplexa
Conference:
IMMUNOCOLOMBIA2015 - 11th Congress of the Latin American Association of Immunology - 10o. Congreso de la Asociación Colombiana de Alergia, Asma e Inmunología, Medellin, Colombia, 13 Oct - 16 Oct, 2015.
Presentation Type:
Poster Presentation
Topic:
Infectious and parasitic diseases
Citation:
Torres
M
(2015). Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in Parasites..
Front. Immunol.
Conference Abstract:
IMMUNOCOLOMBIA2015 - 11th Congress of the Latin American Association of Immunology - 10o. Congreso de la Asociación Colombiana de Alergia, Asma e Inmunología.
doi: 10.3389/conf.fimmu.2015.05.00185
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Received:
29 May 2015;
Published Online:
14 Sep 2015.
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Correspondence:
PhD. Marbel Torres, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas - ESPE, Sciende of life, Quito, Pichincha, 1705333, Ecuador, torresmarbel@gmail.com