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Use of immunohistochemical markers for the diagnosis of fibrosarcoma skin in bovines

Dario A. Vallejo1*
  • 1 Universidad de Nariño, Salud Animal, Colombia

Introduction. Fibrosarcomas are tumors of variable frequency in domestic animals, being the cat mainly affected. However, the cases reported in bovines are scarce, and their description is mainly focused on the reproductive system of females at vaginal level where its manifestation may be associated with other malignancies mainly leiomyosarcomas. There have been reports of such tumors in the penis of a bull. Fibrosarcomas are over-diagnosed because virtually any anaplastic spindle cell sarcoma containing collagen is diagnosed as a fibrosarcoma when a specific histogenesis is not apparent. Therefore, differential masson’s trichrome staining allows detection of collagen fibers in questionable cases; however, immunohistochemistry is preferable for definitive diagnosis. Objectives. To describe histopathological and immunohistochemical findings in a case of fibrosarcoma in a 4 years old female bovine with a mass located in the mandibular left edge after around a month of evolution with progressive growth in the city of Pasto - Nariño using Immunohistochemical human monoclonal antibodies. Method. Through surgical procedure the mass was removed and was sent to the Laboratory of Pathology from the University of Nariño, with dimensions of 6 x 9 x 3 cm with skin and hair, regular surface, whitish and hard consistency for the processing and staining of a hematoxylin-eosin routine. Then, the differential masson’s trichrome staining was performed to confirm or rule out the presence of collagen and thus confirm or rule out fibrosarcoma. Finally, vimentin and desmin monoclonal antibodies markers directed to human on the block to give a definitive diagnosis were used. The procedure was performed in the laboratory of immunopathology - Immunotech laboratories - Bogota DC. 2014. The micropreparations obtained were interpreted in the area of teaching and service of veterinary pathology at the University of Nariño. Results. The sample with hematoxylin eosin was initially categorized as an expansive type of malignancy that compromises the superficial dermis and deep dermis derived from spindle cells where mesenchymal cell proliferation, organized as a dense multi-cell packs limited by connective tissue of stroma was observed. The cells are spindle-shaped, elongated nuclei, intense basophils and scant cytoplasm in some areas. Packages tend to form swirling structures and in some areas of the walls of blood vessels are compressed; apparently, it is not observed there is a blood vessel infiltration. Moderate cellular pleomorphism, nuclear pleomorphism, anisocytosis and mild megalocytosis, anisokaryosis and megalocariosis was observed. 3 mitotic figures were counted in 10 random fields at 400X. Finally, moderate microcirculatory changes were observed, foci of congestion and hemorrhage randomly distributed. In the differential masson’s trichrome staining was observed a strong staining of neoplastic cells present in superficial dermis, deep dermis and the expansive- type pattern. The neoplastic cells were partially positive for vimentin. Immunostaining was evidenced in the nucleus and cytoplasm in tumor cells located in the superficial and deep dermis. Similarly, to rule out a possible malignancy of muscular origin the marker of monoclonal desmin origin was used, and where no immunostaining of neoplastic cells was observed, but it was observed on the walls of arterioles and skeletal muscle. This is the first case of this type of neoplasms reported in the department of Nariño, Colombia. Conclusions. The information available through the use of immunohistochemical markers in the diagnosis of neoplasia in bovines is scarce. The choice of markers was based on information available for pets (dogs and cats); however, the case study shows that the use of immunohistochemical markers allows to make a diagnostic approximation to the type of neoplasia in progress; Variable immunostaining can result from the heterogeneity of the expression of bovine and human epitopes; although, further studies are required, these techniques are considered useful for the diagnosis of such diseases. This report is the first of its kind in southern Colombia.

Acknowledgements

The authors express their gratitude to teachers and students in the area of teaching and clinical service of large species from the University of Nariño - Colombia.

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Keywords: integument, Sarcoma, Cow, Immunologic Techniques, Neoplasms

Conference: IMMUNOCOLOMBIA2015 - 11th Congress of the Latin American Association of Immunology - 10o. Congreso de la Asociación Colombiana de Alergia, Asma e Inmunología, Medellin, Colombia, 13 Oct - 16 Oct, 2015.

Presentation Type: Oral Presentation

Topic: Veterinary and Comparative Immunology

Citation: Vallejo DA (2015). Use of immunohistochemical markers for the diagnosis of fibrosarcoma skin in bovines. Front. Immunol. Conference Abstract: IMMUNOCOLOMBIA2015 - 11th Congress of the Latin American Association of Immunology - 10o. Congreso de la Asociación Colombiana de Alergia, Asma e Inmunología. doi: 10.3389/conf.fimmu.2015.05.00362

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Received: 15 May 2015; Published Online: 15 Sep 2015.

* Correspondence: Dr. Dario A Vallejo, Universidad de Nariño, Salud Animal, Pasto, Nariño, 520001-520099, Colombia, dariovallejo1@gmail.com