Where to survive ice age? Glacial refugia and colonization pathways in post-LGM Europe by the example of spined loaches (Cobitidae)
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1
University of Wrocław, Poland
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2
Museum of Natural History, Poland
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3
Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (ASCR), Czechia
Spined loaches are a family of small, bottom-dwelling freshwater fishes, known for morphological similarities and genetic diversity. In Europe there is a couple of closely-related species that show gynogenesis and produce a stable, hybrid lineages of clones. Due to this atypical reproductive traits, Cobitidae were subject to only a few in-depth genetic analyses (mostly on mtDNA) about species phylogeny, taxonomy and phylogeography. Despite recognizing the importance of the Ice Age to Cobitide distribution, diversity and proposing few hypotheses about post-glacial recolonization pathways, we still do not have big-scale biogeography studies about spined loaches history which include environmental conditions and climate restrictions.
Presented study uses environmental niche modeling (ENM) methods to create maps of possible LGM refugia and historical ranges for three species of spined loaches (C. taenia, C. tanaitica and C. elongatoides), back to 120 000 years ago. Model results are superimposed on historical hydrological and elevation maps, confronting algorithm output with geological data to plot a realistic paths of colonization along existing water sources. The model outputs are also connected to previous genetic analysis.
As a result, we’ve obtained complex and deep image of 120 000 years of Cobitis history in Europe and Middle East. The study confirms the existence of previously proposed Cobitidae ice age refugias (in Balkans and near Black Sea basin) and we found a couple of new locations, especially during LIG (in Western Europe). Thanks to research we were also able to confirm a few of earlier proposed pathways of post-glacial colonization.
The study shows the importance of integrating different sources of data in testing hypotheses on the origin of current geographic ranges and effects of Quaternary climate changes on European fish assemblages.
Keywords:
Cobitis,
ENM,
Maxent,
biogeography,
climate
Conference:
XVI European Congress of Ichthyology, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2 Sep - 6 Sep, 2019.
Presentation Type:
Poster
Topic:
ECOLOGY AND LIFE CYCLES
Citation:
Stefaniak
J,
Kotusz
J and
Janko
K
(2019). Where to survive ice age? Glacial refugia and colonization pathways in post-LGM Europe by the example of spined loaches (Cobitidae).
Front. Mar. Sci.
Conference Abstract:
XVI European Congress of Ichthyology.
doi: 10.3389/conf.fmars.2019.07.00011
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Received:
17 Jun 2019;
Published Online:
14 Aug 2019.
*
Correspondence:
Mr. Jacek Stefaniak, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland, 429105@frontiersin.org