Rotational TBI - Experimental Diffuse Axon Injury
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1
Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neuroscience, Sweden
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2
Chalmers University of Technology, Division of Vehicle Safety, Sweden
A substantial number of patients with Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) have non-focal diffuse injuries. A primary cause of these injuries is head rotation, which often occurs in road traffic accidents, fall accidents and military assault. It has been suggested that the severity of the injury correlates with the amplitude of the angular acceleration. Also duration seems of importance; short duration has been suggested to results in focal injury, while long duration impacts result in diffuse TBI. Acceleration injury can be assumed to be an important component in blast induced TBI. Sagittal plane rotational acceleration induced diffuse axonal injury threshold was investigated using a rat model in which the heads were exposed to selected rotation accelerations. Survival times ranged from 3 to 120 h. Confocal imaging revealed bands of β-APP-positive axons in the corpus callosum and its edges in animals exposed to rotational accelerations >1.1 Mrad/s2. APP positive axons were also present in the pyramidal tract. At longer survival times a patch wise increase in GFAP mRNA expression was observed in areas such as the thalamus and brain stem. The distribution of the changes corresponded to the clinical manifestations of diffuse axonal injury (DAI). The hippocampus animals exposed to the rotational TBI was analysed with Affymetrix Gene arrays and showed changes in the expression in a large number of gene families including cell death, inflammation and neurotransmitters.
References
J Davidsson, M Angeria, M Risling. INJURY THRESHOLD FOR SAGITTAL PLANE ROTATIONAL INDUCED DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURIES. Proceedings IRCOBI conference ”THE BIOMECHANICS OF INJURY” 2009. pp 43-56.
Risling, M., Plantman, S., Angeria, M., Rostami, E., Bellander, B.M., Kirkegaard, M., Arborelius, U., Davidsson, J., 2010. Mechanisms of blast induced brain injuries, experimental studies in rats. Neuroimage. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.05.031
Keywords:
Diffuse Axonal Injury,
Traumatic Brain Injury
Conference:
Karolinska Institutet 200 years anniversary
Symposium on Traumatic Injuries in the Nervous System, Stockholm, Sweden, 15 Sep - 16 Sep, 2010.
Presentation Type:
Presentation
Topic:
Traumatic Injuries in the Nervous System
Citation:
Risling
M and
Davidsson
J
(2010). Rotational TBI - Experimental Diffuse Axon Injury.
Front. Neurol.
Conference Abstract:
Karolinska Institutet 200 years anniversary
Symposium on Traumatic Injuries in the Nervous System.
doi: 10.3389/conf.fneur.2010.56.00005
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Received:
03 Sep 2010;
Published Online:
21 Sep 2010.
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Correspondence:
Dr. Marten Risling, Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neuroscience, Stockholm, Sweden, Marten.Risling@ki.se