Perturbation of neuronal activity by transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) and optogenetic tools in animals
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1
CMBN, Rutgers University, United States
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2
Rutgers University, United States
While transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is an excellent tool to perturb activity of the intact brain, the size of the magnets prevents chronic applications. Transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) has all the major advantages of TMS but requires simple circuits which can be implanted chronically in the skull. We demonstrate how TES stimulation in rats affects neuronal activity in wide areas of the cortex and subcortical areas. Using a brain activity-controlled closed-loop system, we also show that when spike components of generalized seizures are used to trigger TES, appropriate timing of the feedback stimulation can reliably abort seizures. While in many cases, diffuse electrical activity is an advantage, other applications require local perturbation of specific neuronal classes. Combining large-scale recording of unit activity with silicon probes equipped with light guards, localized perturbation of neurons (both excitation and suppression of unit firing) can be achieved by virus-delivered light-sensitive channels. These methods allowed us to demonstrate that phase-distribution of cells assemblies within the hippocampal theta cycles is achieved with precise timing of parvalbumin-containing inhibitory interneurons.
Keywords:
Neuronal activity,
TMS
Conference:
XI International Conference on Cognitive Neuroscience (ICON XI), Palma, Mallorca, Spain, 25 Sep - 29 Sep, 2011.
Presentation Type:
Symposium: Oral Presentation
Topic:
Symposium 10: Entraining the brain? Effects of rhythmic brain stimulation protocols on oscillatory brain activity and behavior
Citation:
Berényi
A and
Buzsaki
G
(2011). Perturbation of neuronal activity by transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) and optogenetic tools in animals.
Conference Abstract:
XI International Conference on Cognitive Neuroscience (ICON XI).
doi: 10.3389/conf.fnhum.2011.207.00529
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Received:
09 Nov 2011;
Published Online:
28 Nov 2011.
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Correspondence:
Dr. Antal Berényi, CMBN, Rutgers University, Newark, United States, drberenyi@gmail.com