Self-generated sounds enhance the mismatch negativity: Evidence from the equiprobable paradigm
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1
University of New South Wales, School of Psychology, Australia
The human brain makes predictions about upcoming auditory input in at least two ways. First, it predicts sensations from actions that produce them: self-generated sounds typically elicit smaller neural responses than when the same sounds are externally-generated. Second, it predicts sensations based on past experience: regular, predictable sounds—standards, elicit smaller neural responses than irregular, unpredictable sounds—deviants: the mismatch negativity (MMN). We searched for a MMN from self-generated sounds. In the motor-auditory (MA) condition, 19 participants voluntarily pressed a button every 533–1067 ms. A tone was delivered binaurally through headphones immediately after the button press. In some MA blocks, we used an oddball sequence in which the probability of a deviant tone among standards was p = .17; in other MA blocks, we used an equiprobable sequence in which six different tones—controls, were played with equal probability (p = .17). We also included the auditory-only (A) condition, in which participants passively listened to the tones generated by them in the MA condition, and the motor-only (M) condition, in which participants pressed the button but no sound was delivered. We assessed MMN by comparing event-related potentials (ERPs) to deviants and controls, and self-generation effects by comparing ERPs to sounds from the MA condition, corrected for motor contribution from the M condition, to those of the same sounds from the A condition. We found MMN at fronto-central electrodes from 150–250 ms, with self-generated stimuli yielding a bigger MMN than externally-generated stimuli. This finding was primarily driven by the fact that self-generated deviants were more negative than externally-generated deviants, presumably because self-generated deviants violated two predictions: action and past experience, whereas externally-generated deviants violated one: past experience. We conclude that the predictive mechanisms underlying action and past experience are independent.
Keywords:
self-generation,
mismatch negativity (MMN),
prediction,
Prediction-Error,
auditory,
Electroencephalography (EEG),
event-related potentials (ERPs).
Conference:
ASP2015 - 25th Annual Conference of the Australasian Society for Psychophysiology, Sydney, Australia, 2 Dec - 4 Dec, 2015.
Presentation Type:
Oral Presentation
Topic:
Psychophysiology
Citation:
Jack
BN,
Griffiths
O,
Le Pelley
ME and
Whitford
TJ
(2015). Self-generated sounds enhance the mismatch negativity: Evidence from the equiprobable paradigm.
Conference Abstract:
ASP2015 - 25th Annual Conference of the Australasian Society for Psychophysiology.
doi: 10.3389/conf.fnhum.2015.219.00033
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Received:
25 Oct 2015;
Published Online:
30 Nov 2015.
*
Correspondence:
Mr. Bradley N Jack, University of New South Wales, School of Psychology, Sydney, Australia, bradley.jack@scu.edu.au