Wavelength-sensitivity of mouse retinal ganglion cells recorded by a high-density micro electrode array (MEA)
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1
NMI at the University Tuebingen, Neurochip Research, Germany
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2
Technische Universität Berlin, Chair of Sensor and Actuator Systems, Germany
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3
Technische Universität Berlin, Chair of Sensor and Actuator Systems, Germany
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4
NMI at the University Tuebingen, Neurochip Research, Germany
Motivation:
High-density CMOS-MEAs can be used to simultaneously record the electrical spiking activity from hundreds of neurons [Bertotti et al., 2014]. Neuronal spiking can be induced by electrical stimulation [Eickenscheidt and Zeck 2014], by light stimulation applied to a light-sensitive retina [Zeck et al. 2011], or by light stimulation of optogenetically transfected neurons [Herrmann et al. 2014]. In this work, we investigate the wavelength-sensitivity of different mouse retinal ganglion cells and the intrinsic wavelength-sensitivity of the response of high-density CMOS-MEAs.
Material and Methods:
A CMOS-based high-density MEA comprising 4225 recording sites is used for recording the ganglion cell activity in C57/Bl6 mouse retina during flickering light stimulation (1 and 5 Hz, respectively) with different wavelength and of different light stimulus sizes. Light stimuli presented on a DMD (µ-matrix, Rapp Optoelectronic, Germany) are focused through a microscope objective on the retina. The DMD is illuminated by an LED system commonly used for optogenetic activation (pe-4000, coolLED, UK). Here the results for four stimulation wavelengths are presented (405, 470, 525, and 635nm) at intensities as high as 2 mW/mm² (470 nm). Recorded data is sampled at 25 kHz.
Results:
Light stimulation (stimulus area: 1 mm2) evokes spiking in the interfaced retina. Based on the stimulus polarity retinal ganglion cells are broadly classified in ON or OFF type, depending on whether they respond to light on- or offset, respectively. In Fig. 1A filtered recordings are shown of the measured extracellular voltage from two selected sensors during 1 Hz stimulation. Both, ON and OFF cell types respond to the three highest wavelengths used here. The sensor site recording the ON transient cell also detects activity from a second OFF cell with smaller amplitude.
In Fig.1B we present the unfiltered extracellular voltage traces recorded by a third selected sensor site for all four wavelengths. Light onset leads to a measurable change of the current in the sensing transistor (cf. Bertotti et al., 2014) or more generally speaking of the sensed recording site response, reflected as a low-frequency change of signal back-converted into the voltage domain. However, this does not prevent the detection of light-induced spiking. We note, that the ganglion cell shown in Fig. 1B is not activated by the 635 nm light stimulus. Ongoing experiments investigate the sensitivity of retinal ganglion cells to chromatic stimulation and to stimuli presented at various intensities.
The induced variations of the sensor signals are wavelength-dependent, with the highest change obtained for the lowest wavelength (405 nm) and undetectable changes for red light (635 nm).
Conclusion:
It is shown that recording of cellular spiking activity with CMOS-based MEAs is possible during optical stimulation. Ganglion cells in the mouse retina have different wavelength-sensitivities. The light-induced low-frequency drift of the sensor signals can be completely removed for the tested wavelengths and intensities using high-pass filtering.
References:
[1] Bertotti G. et al., Proc. IEEE BioCAS, 2014, DOI: 10.1109/BioCAS.2014.6981723
[2] Eickenscheidt M. and Zeck G., J.Neural Eng. 2014, 11(3):036006, DOI:10.1088/1741-2560/11/3/036006
[3] Zeck G. et al., PLoS One, 2011, 6(6):e20810, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0020810
[4] Herrmann T. et al., 2014, Proc. of the 9th Int. Meeting on Substrate-Integrated Microelectrodes, Reutlingen, Germany
Figure legend:
Light-stimulated ganglion cell activity from mouse retina recorded at four different wavelengths. White segments illustrate time intervals of illumination while grey segments resemble intervals without illumination. (A):Light induced spiking in an OFF sustained ganglion cell type and an ON transient ganglion cell to the same stimulus. The stimulus wavelength used is given in the right column. Data are band-pass filtered (200 – 3000 Hz). (B) Unfiltered extracellular voltage traces showing the induced activity in ON sustained retinal ganglion cells. A slow drift of the sensor signal is visible, which does not prevent detection of ganglion cell spiking.
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by a grant of the Federal Ministry for Education and Research /BMBF (FKZ 031L0059)
Keywords:
CMOS-MEA,
ganglion cell,
Optical stimulation,
Mouse Retina
Conference:
MEA Meeting 2016 |
10th International Meeting on Substrate-Integrated Electrode Arrays, Reutlingen, Germany, 28 Jun - 1 Jul, 2016.
Presentation Type:
Poster Presentation
Topic:
MEA Meeting 2016
Citation:
Jetter
F,
Bertotti
G,
Thewes
R and
Zeck
G
(2016). Wavelength-sensitivity of mouse retinal ganglion cells recorded by a high-density micro electrode array (MEA).
Front. Neurosci.
Conference Abstract:
MEA Meeting 2016 |
10th International Meeting on Substrate-Integrated Electrode Arrays.
doi: 10.3389/conf.fnins.2016.93.00097
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Received:
22 Jun 2016;
Published Online:
24 Jun 2016.
*
Correspondence:
Dr. Günther Zeck, NMI at the University Tuebingen, Neurochip Research, Reutlingen, Germany, guenther.zeck@tuwien.ac.at