Species differences in pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin in dogs and cats after oral administrations
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1
Trakia University, Bulgaria
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2
Biovet, Bulgaria
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3
Drug Agency, Bulgaria
Introduction: Enrofloxacin (EFL) is a quinolone with broad spectrum of activity, used in the treatment of bacterial infections in calves, cows, sheep, poultry, dogs, cats, fish and exotic animals.Ciprofloxacin (CFL) has a high antimicrobial activity. The target site for parent drugs and its active metabolite (CFL) in the microbial cell is the enzyme DNA gyrase (type II topoisomerase). The purpose of the present study was to determine species differences in pharmacokinetics of the quinolone following p.o. administration.
Materials and methods: The experiments were performed with clinically healthy 6 dogs and 6 cats (3 male and 3 female), weighing 18-25 kg for dogs and 4.8-5.2 kg for cats.Pharmacokinetic studies included the oral administration of EFL like a tabulettae (Golash Pharma, Bulgaria) at a dose of 5 mg/kg body weight.Blood samples (1.5 ml each) were obtained immediately prior to and 0.33, 0.66, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24 h after administration of the quinolone. The concentrations of EFL and CFL were assayed with a HPLC. The pharmacokinetic parameters of EFL and CFLwere determined with programme TopFit. The most appropriate pharmacokinetic model was chosen using the Akaike’s information criterion. Pharmacokinetic parameters of EFL and CFL were presented as means ± standard error (SEM). Nonparametric (Mann-Whitney U-test) and parametric analysis (one-way ANOVA) were used.
Results: Following p.o. application, in dogs and cats, serum EFL levels were detected on 0.33 min, gradually declining up to post treatment hour 24. In cats the serum EFL concentrations were significant lower, from 0.33 h till 24 hour, than those of dogs.The peak serum concentrations (Cmax) in both species of EFL were attained relatively rapidly (by the 2-nd hour). Cmax for cats were significant lower compared with that in dogs.
Conclusion: The t1/2z and МRТ of EFL in cats were shorter compared those in dogs. The AUCo of EFL and CFL in cats were lower to those in dogs. Comparing our t1/2abs values to dogs and cats, the absorption of EFL in both animal species was almost equal. The values for Vss indicated that the EFL penetrated easily and well in all tissues of dogs and cats. It should be noticed that in cats the Tmax for CFL was twice higher compared to that of the parent drug. In cats the t1/2z and МRТ of the CFL were significant lower to those of the dogs.
Keywords:
enrofloxacin,
pharmacokinetics
Conference:
8th Southeast European Congress on Xenobiotic Metabolism and Toxicity - XEMET 2010, Thessaloniki, Greece, 1 Oct - 5 Oct, 2010.
Presentation Type:
Poster
Topic:
Xenobiotic toxicity
Citation:
Dimitrova
D,
Dimitrova
A and
Tzoneva
D
(2010). Species differences in pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin in dogs and cats after oral administrations.
Front. Pharmacol.
Conference Abstract:
8th Southeast European Congress on Xenobiotic Metabolism and Toxicity - XEMET 2010.
doi: 10.3389/conf.fphar.2010.60.00112
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Received:
28 Oct 2010;
Published Online:
04 Nov 2010.
*
Correspondence:
Dr. D. J Dimitrova, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria, dj.dimitrova.56@gmail.com