Antineoplastic properties of potato glycoalkaloids
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1
Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Department of Pharmacology, Greece
Potato glycoalkaloids, and especially solanine and chaconine are extremely toxic for humans and animals. Potato is part of everyday human food and its toxicity makes it a potential source of poisoning. Nevertheless, the pharmacological properties of potato alkaloids make them useful tools in anticancer therapeutics. Compounds such as a-solamargine, a-solasonine and the aglycone solasodine have been reported to possess anticancer activity.
Solamargine, a herbal medicine derived from Solanum incanum, causes an upregulation of tumor necrosis factor receptors (TNFR-I and TNFR-II) and has an apoptotic effect on human hepatoma cells (Hep3B), showing thus an anticancer activity.
Solasonine isolated from Solanum crinitum and solasodine isolated from Solanum jabrense have shown a dose-dependent in vitro inhibition of growth on murine Ehrlich carcinoma and human K562 leukemia cells. The aglycone solasodine has only a low toxic activity on these cells, pointing out the essential role of the sugar moiety in the cytotoxic activity of solasonine.
Further research on the antiviral properties of potato alkaloids, as well as investigation of the anticancer activity of other known and newly discovered or artificially designed glycoalkaloids may give new cheap and safe anticancer drugs in the future.
References
Paraskevi Papaioannidou, Ioannis Papaioannidis, Vassiliki Mirtsou-Fidani: Pharmacological properties of potato glycoalkaloids. Hellenic Medical and Pharmaceutical Review 2005, 2(2):3-7
Keywords:
potato glycoalkaloids,
solamargine,
solasonine,
solasodine,
Cancer
Conference:
8th Southeast European Congress on Xenobiotic Metabolism and Toxicity - XEMET 2010, Thessaloniki, Greece, 1 Oct - 5 Oct, 2010.
Presentation Type:
Poster
Topic:
Xenobiotic toxicity
Citation:
Papaioannidis
I and
Kyriakidis
I
(2010). Antineoplastic properties of potato glycoalkaloids.
Front. Pharmacol.
Conference Abstract:
8th Southeast European Congress on Xenobiotic Metabolism and Toxicity - XEMET 2010.
doi: 10.3389/conf.fphar.2010.60.00176
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Received:
28 Oct 2010;
Published Online:
04 Nov 2010.
*
Correspondence:
Dr. Ioannis Kyriakidis, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Department of Pharmacology, Thessaloniki, Greece, kyriakidis@med.uoc.gr