Semantic context effects on picture naming in aphasia
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1
University of Geneva, Faculty of Psychology, Switzerland
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2
CHUV, Neurorehabilitation Unit - Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Switzerland
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3
University of Bordeaux, INCIA CNRS UMR 5287, France
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4
Lavigny Institution, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Switzerland
Semantic interference and facilitation effects have been studied with the blocked cyclic naming paradigm (BCNP) and the picture-word interference paradigm (PWIP). In the BCNP, typical results on reaction times (RT) showed semantic facilitation in the first presentation cycle (Crowther & Martin, 2014) and interference in subsequent cycles. In the PWIP, typical results on RT showed semantic interference with categorical primes, but facilitation with associative primes (Costa, Alario, & Caramazza, 2005). Interestingly, the majority of studies have focused on semantic interference, putting aside semantic facilitation effects. However, it is of interest for anomia therapy to know under which conditions speech production can be facilitated in aphasia. Therefore, the aim of the present studies is to investigate the conditions of semantic facilitation in two picture naming paradigms in aphasic and healthy participants.
32 French-speaking aphasic persons with a left hemispheric stroke participated in two studies: 18 patients were tested with the BCNP and 14 patients with the PWIP. We also tested an extended version of both paradigms in 48 French-speaking young healthy adults.
In the BCNP, 32 pictures were repeated in 3 cycles either in semantically homogeneous blocks (e.g. target picture « pear » presented with « pineapple », « orange » and « strawberry ») or in heterogeneous blocks (e.g. « pear » presented with « bus », « sheep » and « couch »). In the PWIP, 21 pictures were preceded by 1 or 2 auditory word primes in 3 conditions: associative, categorical or unrelated (e.g. target picture « airplane » preceded by « flight », « helicopter » or « string »). In both studies, participants were asked to name the pictures as rapidly and accurately as possible.
Errors were analyzed with generalized linear mixed-effects models and production latencies with linear regression mixed-effects models (Baayen, Davidson, & Bates, 2008).
In healthy speakers, naming latencies in the BCNP were shorter in homogeneous vs heterogeneous blocks in the first cycle (t=2.406, p<.05), but longer in the third cycle (t=-2.305, p<.05). In the PWIP, naming latencies were shorter with both categorical (t=3.11, p<.01) and associative primes (t=6.779, p<.001) as compared to unrelated primes.
In aphasic speakers, the RT pattern was similar as in healthy subjects, but no facilitation was observed on accuracy. In the BCNP, errors increased in the semantically homogeneous blocks in the third presentation cycle (z=2.715, p<.01), while omissions and semantic errors decreased across cycles in heterogeneous blocks (respectively: z=-2.06, p<.05; z=-2.947, p<.01). Crucially, semantic errors were predominantly other members of the stimuli set only in homogeneous blocks. In the PWIP, categorical and associative primes both increased error rates as compared to unrelated primes (respectively: z=-2.218, p<.05; z=-2.028, p<.05). In particular, phonological errors were more frequent following semantic primes (z=-2.092, p<.05).
Our results are rather in line with a difficulty to minimize the competition of non-target items in aphasia (Riès, Karzmark, Navarrete, Knight, & Dronkers, 2015; Scott & Wilshire, 2010), affecting semantic-lexical processes in the BCNP and post-lexical processes in the PWIP.
Keywords:
semantic facilitation,
semantic priming,
Semantic interference,
Aphasia,
picture naming
Conference:
54th Annual Academy of Aphasia Meeting, Llandudno, United Kingdom, 16 Oct - 18 Oct, 2016.
Presentation Type:
Poster Sessions
Topic:
Academy of Aphasia
Citation:
Python
G,
Villain
M,
Gay
A and
Laganaro
M
(2016). Semantic context effects on picture naming in aphasia.
Front. Psychol.
Conference Abstract:
54th Annual Academy of Aphasia Meeting.
doi: 10.3389/conf.fpsyg.2016.68.00024
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Received:
22 Apr 2016;
Published Online:
15 Aug 2016.
*
Correspondence:
Mr. Gregoire Python, University of Geneva, Faculty of Psychology, Geneva, Switzerland, gregoire.python@unige.ch