Evaluation of the environmental and individual attributes associated with domestic violence hospitalizations in California using a geographically weighted regression model.
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1
Center for Health and the Environment, University of California., United States
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2
Center for Animal Disease Modeling and Surveillance, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, United States
Objective
Our investigation explored trends in domestic violence-related hospitalizations and emergency room (ED) visits in California from 2000 to 2017, including the potential impact of the 2007 recession and the change on domestic violence (DV) codification from ICD9 to ICD10 on reported DV episodes.
Methods
ED and hospital data were drawn from the California's Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development (OSHPD). Descriptive and trend analyses of DV episodes, and a geographically weighted regression (GWR) analysis was conducted.
Results
We analyzed all DV-related hospitalizations and visits to ED caused in California between 2000 and 2017 (80,556). Estimated total cost for California DV-related hospitalizations alone was $1,326,523,862 for the period analyzed (2000-2017). The number of DV episodes per month increased from 182.0 to 386.2 during the pre- (Jan 2000- Nov 2007) and the post-recession period (Dec 2007-Sept 2015) and reached 998.5 per month during the ICD10 codification period (Oct 2015-Dec 2017), when specific codes for suspected/confirmed cases were created. The areas highly affected by domestic violence have increased considerably in recent years. We found significant concentration of DV-related hospitalizations in rural areas and underserved communities.
Conclusion
Not enough attention has been paid to DV hospitalizations, despite its importance. Only limited descriptions of DV inpatients and risks factors for hospitalizations have been published so far, and very little is known about the impact of the 2007 recession and the changes on ICD codes in DV hospital rates on number of reported DV episodes. We found environmental and individual attributes associated with domestic violence hospitalizations, that contribute to explain the increasing trend in DV hospitalizations. The increase in DV presents an important research area for future studies.
Acknowledgements
Feminist Research Institute (FRI), small grant FRI 2018-19
Keywords:
Risk factors,
Cluster analysis,
Social determinansts of health,
California,
Domestic Violence
Conference:
GeoVet 2019. Novel spatio-temporal approaches in the era of Big Data, Davis, United States, 8 Oct - 10 Oct, 2019.
Presentation Type:
Poster-no session
Topic:
Spatial methods for environmental & exposure epidemiology and climate change
Citation:
Medel-Herrero
A and
Martínez-López
B
(2019). Evaluation of the environmental and individual attributes associated with domestic violence hospitalizations in California using a geographically weighted regression model..
Front. Vet. Sci.
Conference Abstract:
GeoVet 2019. Novel spatio-temporal approaches in the era of Big Data.
doi: 10.3389/conf.fvets.2019.05.00021
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Received:
30 Jul 2019;
Published Online:
27 Sep 2019.
*
Correspondence:
Dr. Alvaro Medel-Herrero, Center for Health and the Environment, University of California., Davis, United States, amedelherrero@UCDAVIS.EDU