TY - JOUR AU - Holder, Kayla A. AU - Grant, Michael D. PY - 2020 M3 - Mini Review TI - TIGIT Blockade: A Multipronged Approach to Target the HIV Reservoir JO - Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology UR - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2020.00175 VL - 10 SN - 2235-2988 N2 - During chronic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection, upregulation of inhibitory molecules contributes to effector cell dysfunction and exhaustion. This, in combination with the ability of HIV-1 to reside dormant in cellular reservoirs and escape immune recognition, makes the pathway to HIV-1 cure particularly challenging. An idealized strategy to achieve HIV-1 cure proposes combined viral and immune activation by “shock”ing HIV-1 out of latency and into an immunologically visible state to be recognized and “kill”ed by immune effector cells. Here we outline the potential for blockade of the inhibitory immune checkpoint T cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin and ITIM domains (TIGIT) to overcome natural killer (NK) cell and T cell inhibition associated with HIV-1 infection and invigorate antiviral effector cell responses against HIV-1 reactivated from the latent cellular reservoir. ER -