AUTHOR=Xu Senlei , Gu Renjun , Bian Xiangyu , Xu Xin , Xia Xuefeng , Liu Yuchen , Jia Chengjie , Gu Yihuang , Zhang Hongru TITLE=Remote Conditioning by Rhythmic Compression of Limbs Ameliorated Myocardial Infarction by Downregulation of Inflammation via A2 Adenosine Receptors JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine VOLUME=Volume 8 - 2021 YEAR=2022 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cardiovascular-medicine/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2021.723332 DOI=10.3389/fcvm.2021.723332 ISSN=2297-055X ABSTRACT=Background. Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) is a cardioprotective phenomenon, yet transient ischemia is not a requisite trigger for remote cardioprotection. In fact, RIC is a stimulus compound containing interruption of blood vessel and tissue compression. In the present study, we evaluate the effects of remote tissue compression on infarct size after myocardial infarction and explore its preliminary mechanisms. Methods and Results. We used a murine model of myocardial infarction to assess ischemia injury and identified Remote conditioning by rhythmic compression (RCRC) on forelimb as a novel cardioprotective intervention. We show that the cardioprotective signal transduction of remote conditioning from the trigger limb to heart involves the release of adenosine. Our results demonstrate that A2a and A2b receptors is indispensable parts for cardioprotection of remote conditioning, which is linked to its anti-inflammatory properties by the subsequent activation of cAMP/PKA/NF-κB axis. Conclusion. Our results establish a new connection between remote tissue compression and cardiovascular diseases, which enhances our cognition about the role of tissue compression on RIC cardioprotection.