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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.
Sec. Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Prevention
Volume 11 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1329463
This article is part of the Research Topic

Mendelian Randomization and Cardiovascular Diseases

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A Mendelian Randomization Study of the Effect of Mental disorders on Cardiovascular Disease Provisionally Accepted

Yunfeng Yu1* Xinyu Yang2 Jingyi Wu3 Gang Hu1 Siyang Bai2 Rong Yu1
  • 1The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, China
  • 2College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, China
  • 3The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, China

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Objective: The effect of mental disorders (MD) on cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains controversial, and this study aims to analyze the causal relationship between eight MD and CVD by Mendelian randomization (MR).
Methods: Single nucleotide polymorphisms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), anorexia nervosa (AN), anxiety disorder (ANX), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), bipolar disorder (BD), depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), schizophrenia (SCZ), and CVD were obtained from UK Biobank and FinnGen. Exposure-outcome causality was tested using inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, and weighted median. Horizontal pleiotropy and heterogeneity were assessed by MR-Egger intercept and Cochran's Q, respectively, while stability of results was assessed by leave-one-out sensitivity analysis.
Results: MR analysis showed that ANX (IVW [OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.15, p < 0.001]; MR-Egger [OR 1.03, 95% CI 0.92 to 1.14, p = 0.652]; weighted median [OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.14, p = 0.001]), ASD (IVW [OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.09, p = 0.039]; MR-Egger [OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.84 to 1.07, p = 0.411]; weighted median [OR 1.01, 95% CI 0.96 to 1.06, p = 0.805]), depression (IVW [OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.19, p < 0.001]; MR-Egger [OR 1.10, 95% CI 0.96 to 1.26, p = 0.169]; weighted median [OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.19, p < 0.001]) were significantly associated with increased risk of CVD, whereas ADHD, AN, BD, OCD, and SCZ were not significantly associated with CVD (p > 0.05). Intercept analysis showed no horizontal pleiotropy (p > 0.05). Cochran's Q showed no heterogeneity except for BD (p = 0.035). Sensitivity analysis suggested that these results were robust.
Conclusions: ANX, ASD, and depression are associated with an increased risk of CVD, whereas AN, ADHD, BD, OCD, and SCZ are not causally associated with CVD. Active prevention and treatment of ANX, ASD, and depression may help reduce the risk of CVD.

Keywords: Mental Disorders, cardiovascular disease, risk factor, Mendelian randomization, Depression, Anxiety disorder, Autism Spectrum Disorder

Received: 01 Nov 2023; Accepted: 16 May 2024.

Copyright: © 2024 Yu, Yang, Wu, Hu, Bai and Yu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

* Correspondence: Dr. Yunfeng Yu, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China