AUTHOR=Paparo Sabrina Rosaria , Ferrari Silvia Martina , Patrizio Armando , Elia Giusy , Ragusa Francesca , Botrini Chiara , Balestri Eugenia , Guarneri Fabrizio , Benvenga Salvatore , Antonelli Alessandro , Fallahi Poupak 

TITLE=Myoinositol in Autoimmune Thyroiditis

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Endocrinology

VOLUME=13

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/endocrinology/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.930756

DOI=10.3389/fendo.2022.930756

ISSN=1664-2392

ABSTRACT=<p>Myoinositol (Myo) is an isoform of inositol, a cyclic polyol with 6 hydroxyl groups. Myo is mainly derived from dietary intake while its endogenous production is generated from glucose by enzymatic reactions. Moreover, Myo is also synthesized <italic>de novo</italic> by catabolism of phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphoinositides (PIP), and inositol phosphates (IP). Myo has a determinant role in thyroid function and autoimmune diseases as it regulates iodine organification and thyroid hormone biosynthesis by the formation of hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) in thyrocytes. Depletion of Myo that is involved in the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) signaling pathway, may cause the development of thyroid diseases such as hypothyroidism. TSH levels significantly decreased in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism, with or without autoimmune thyroiditis, after treatment with Myo plus Selenium (Myo+Se). In addition to TSH, antithyroid autoantibodies are reduced. This review summarizes the role of Myo in the thyroidal physiology and its role in the management of some thyroid diseases.</p>