AUTHOR=Bajic Vladan P. , Essack Magbubah , Zivkovic Lada , Stewart Alan , Zafirovic Sonja , Bajic Vladimir B. , Gojobori Takashi , Isenovic Esma , Spremo-Potparevic Biljana 

TITLE=The X Files: “The Mystery of X Chromosome Instability in Alzheimer’s Disease”

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Genetics

VOLUME=Volume 10 - 2019

YEAR=2020

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/genetics/articles/10.3389/fgene.2019.01368

DOI=10.3389/fgene.2019.01368

ISSN=1664-8021

ABSTRACT=Many years have passed from the discovery that a genetic component on chromosome 21 is the fundamental cause of early-onset, but also to the late onset of Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD). In the genetic sense, only the apolipoprotein E4 gene is found to be a risk factor for LOAD. Genetic risk assessment has not changed fundamentally in recent years despite the hypothesis that many additional unidentified genes are likely playing a role in AD development. In this review, we elaborate the role of X chromosome epigenetics in the controversial findings from genome-wide association studies of the protocadherin 11 gene and hypothesize that the other genetic risk factors may be based on X-chromosome epigenetics in AD.