AUTHOR=Argirion Ilona , Mahale Parag , Pfeiffer Ruth M. , Liu Ping , Adimora Adaora A. , Akiyama Matthew J. , Bolivar Hector H. , French Audrey , Plankey Michael , Price Jennifer C. , Rana Aadia , Sheth Anandi , Koshiol Jill , Seaberg Eric C. , Kuniholm Mark H. , Glenn Jeffrey , O’Brien Thomas R. 

TITLE=Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis D virus infection in women with or at risk for HIV infection in the United States

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Medicine

VOLUME=10

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2023.1070420

DOI=10.3389/fmed.2023.1070420

ISSN=2296-858X

ABSTRACT=<p>Hepatitis D virus (HDV) requires co-infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV). Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) shares transmission routes with these viruses. Among 4,932 US women infected with or at-risk for HIV during 1994–2015, HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) positivity was more common in women with HIV (2.8% vs. 1.2%; <italic>p</italic> = 0.001); HDV was more common among participants enrolled during 2013–2015 (<italic>p</italic> = 0.0004) and those with resolved rather than active hepatitis C (1.9% vs. 0.5%; <italic>p</italic> = 0.02). Among HBsAg-positive women (<italic>n</italic> = 117), HDV antibody prevalence was 22% and did not vary by HIV status; HDV infection was associated with the presence of advanced fibrosis/cirrhosis at enrollment (adjusted odds ratio, 5.70; 95% confidence interval, 1.46–22.29). Our results demonstrate the importance of HDV testing in HBV-infected US women.</p>