TY - JOUR AU - Zhang, Rui AU - Abdel-Motaal, Heba AU - Zou, Qiao AU - Guo, Sijia AU - Zheng, Xiutao AU - Wang, Yuting AU - Zhang, Zhenglai AU - Meng, Lin AU - Xu, Tong AU - Jiang, Juquan PY - 2020 M3 - Original Research TI - A Novel MFS-MDR Transporter, MdrP, Employs D223 as a Key Determinant in the Na+ Translocation Coupled to Norfloxacin Efflux JO - Frontiers in Microbiology UR - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2020.00955 VL - 11 SN - 1664-302X N2 - Multidrug resistance (MDR) transporters of the major facilitator superfamily (MFS) were previously believed to drive the extrusion of multiple antimicrobial drugs through the coupling to proton translocation. Here, we present the identification of the first Na+-coupled MFS-MDR transporter, MdrP, which also can achieve H+-coupled drug efflux independently of Na+. Importantly, we propose that MdrP can extrude norfloxacin in a mode of drug/Na+ antiport, which has not yet been reported in any MFS member. On this basis, we further provide the insights into a novel Na+ and H+ coupling mechanism of MFS-MDR transporters, even for all secondary transporters. The most important finding lies in that D223 should mainly act as a key determinant in the Na+ translocation coupled to norfloxacin efflux. Furthermore, our results partially modify the knowledge of the conformational stability-related residues in the motif A of MFS transporters and imply the importance of a new positively charged residue, R361, for the stabilization of outward-facing conformation of MFS transporters. These novel findings positively contribute to the knowledge of MFS-MDR transporters, especially about Na+ and H+ coupling mechanism. This study is based mainly on measurements in intact cells or everted membranes, and a biochemical assay with a reconstituted MdrP protein should be necessary to come to conclusion to be assured. ER -