TY - JOUR AU - Krypotos, Angelos-Miltiadis AU - Effting, Marieke AU - Kindt, Merel AU - Beckers, Tom PY - 2015 M3 - Review TI - Avoidance learning: a review of theoretical models and recent developments JO - Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience UR - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnbeh.2015.00189 VL - 9 SN - 1662-5153 N2 - Avoidance is a key characteristic of adaptive and maladaptive fear. Here, we review past and contemporary theories of avoidance learning. Based on the theories, experimental findings and clinical observations reviewed, we distill key principles of how adaptive and maladaptive avoidance behavior is acquired and maintained. We highlight clinical implications of avoidance learning theories and describe intervention strategies that could reduce maladaptive avoidance and prevent its return. We end with a brief overview of recent developments and avenues for further research. ER -