AUTHOR=Velz Julia, Stienen Martin Nikolaus, Neidert Marian Christoph, Yang Yang, Regli Luca, Bozinov Oliver TITLE=Routinely Performed Serial Follow-Up Imaging in Asymptomatic Patients With Multiple Cerebral Cavernous Malformations Has No Influence on Surgical Decision Making JOURNAL=Frontiers in Neurology VOLUME=9 YEAR=2018 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2018.00848 DOI=10.3389/fneur.2018.00848 ISSN=1664-2295 ABSTRACT=Background: The best strategy to perform follow-up of patients with multiple cerebral cavernous malformations (mCCM) is unclear due to the unpredictable clinical course. Still, serial radiological follow-up is often performed. The objective of this work was to critically question whether active follow-up by serial imaging is justified and has an impact on clinical decision making.Methods: We included all consecutive patients with mCCM treated and followed at our Department between 2006 and 2016. Patient data were collected and analyzed retrospectively.Results: From a total number of 406 patients with CCM, n = 73 [18.0%; mean age at first diagnosis 45.2 years (±2.4 SE); n = 42 male (57.5 %)] were found to harbor multiple lesions (≤5 CCM in 58.9%; 6–25 in 21.9%; ≥ 25 in 19.2%). All of them were followed for a mean of 6.8 years (±0.85 SE). Conservative treatment was suggested in 43 patients over the complete follow-up period. Thirty patients underwent surgical extirpation of at least one CCM lesion. Forty-three surgical procedures were performed in total. During 500.5 follow-up years in total, routinely performed follow-up MRI in asymptomatic patients lead to an indication for surgery in only two occasions and even those two were questionable surgical indications.Conclusion: Routinely performed follow-up MRI in asymptomatic patients with mCCM is highly questionable as there is no evidence for therapeutic relevance.