AUTHOR=Dai Xuejiao, Kuang Lilu, Feng Li, Yi Xiaoping, Tang Weiting, Liao Qiao, Long Xiaoyan, Wang Junling, Li Jing, Yang Huan, Xiao Bo, Li Guoliang, Chen Si TITLE=Anti-Dopamine Receptor 2 Antibody-Positive Encephalitis in Adolescent JOURNAL=Frontiers in Neurology VOLUME=11 YEAR=2020 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2020.00471 DOI=10.3389/fneur.2020.00471 ISSN=1664-2295 ABSTRACT=Autoimmune encephalitic syndromes include mutism, somnolence, movement disorder, and behavioral, or psychiatric symptoms. When paired with bilateral basal ganglia lesions on magnetic resonance imaging, these support the diagnosis of basal ganglia encephalitis (BGE). BGE is a rare but distinct entity of putative autoimmune etiology, with specific basal ganglia inflammation and acute movement disorders. A previous study identified dopamine-2 receptors (D2R) antibody to be positive in most BGE children, indicating that the D2R antibody may trigger the downstream pathological process in BGE patients. The highest levels of D2R are found in the striatum, the nucleus accumbens, and the olfactory tubercle. D2R antibody-positive BGE is widely reported in children. Here we present a 17-year-old girl with a typical clinical feature of basal ganglia encephalitis, who benefited from immune therapy.