TY - JOUR AU - Chan, Kyra Y. Y. AU - Miller, Suzanne L. AU - Schmölzer, Georg M. AU - Stojanovska, Vanesa AU - Polglase, Graeme R. PY - 2020 M3 - Review TI - Respiratory Support of the Preterm Neonate: Lessons About Ventilation-Induced Brain Injury From Large Animal Models JO - Frontiers in Neurology UR - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2020.00862 VL - 11 SN - 1664-2295 N2 - Many preterm neonates require mechanical ventilation which increases the risk of cerebral inflammation and white matter injury in the immature brain. In this review, we discuss the links between ventilation and brain injury with a focus on the immediate period after birth, incorporating respiratory support in the delivery room and subsequent mechanical ventilation in the neonatal intensive care unit. This review collates insight from large animal models in which acute injurious ventilation and prolonged periods of ventilation have been used to create clinically relevant brain injury patterns. These models are valuable resources in investigating the pathophysiology of ventilation-induced brain injury and have important translational implications. We discuss the challenges of reconciling lung and brain maturation in commonly used large animal models. A comprehensive understanding of ventilation-induced brain injury is necessary to guide the way we care for preterm neonates, with the goal to improve their neurodevelopmental outcomes. ER -