AUTHOR=Yoder Ryan M., Taube Jeffrey S. TITLE=The vestibular contribution to the head direction signal and navigation JOURNAL=Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience VOLUME=8 YEAR=2014 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnint.2014.00032 DOI=10.3389/fnint.2014.00032 ISSN=1662-5145 ABSTRACT=Spatial learning and navigation depend on neural representations of location and direction within the environment. These representations, encoded by place cells and head direction (HD) cells, respectively, are dominantly controlled by visual cues, but require input from the vestibular system. Vestibular signals play an important role in forming spatial representations in both visual and non-visual environments, but the details of this vestibular contribution are not fully understood. Here, we review the role of the vestibular system in generating various spatial signals in rodents, focusing primarily on HD cells. We also examine the vestibular system’s role in navigation and the possible pathways by which vestibular information is conveyed to higher navigation centers.