AUTHOR=Deeb Wissam , Giordano James J. , Rossi Peter J. , Mogilner Alon Y. , Gunduz Aysegul , Judy Jack W. , Klassen Bryan T. , Butson Christopher R. , Van Horne Craig , Deny Damiaan , Dougherty Darin D. , Rowell David , Gerhardt Greg A. , Smith Gwenn S. , Ponce Francisco A. , Walker Harrison C. , Bronte-Stewart Helen M. , Mayberg Helen S. , Chizeck Howard J. , Langevin Jean-Philippe , Volkmann Jens , Ostrem Jill L. , Shute Jonathan B. , Jimenez-Shahed Joohi , Foote Kelly D. , Wagle Shukla Aparna , Rossi Marvin A. , Oh Michael , Pourfar Michael , Rosenberg Paul B. , Silburn Peter A. , de Hemptine Coralie , Starr Philip A. , Denison Timothy , Akbar Umer , Grill Warren M. , Okun Michael S. TITLE=Proceedings of the Fourth Annual Deep Brain Stimulation Think Tank: A Review of Emerging Issues and Technologies JOURNAL=Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience VOLUME=10 YEAR=2016 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/integrative-neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnint.2016.00038 DOI=10.3389/fnint.2016.00038 ISSN=1662-5145 ABSTRACT=

This paper provides an overview of current progress in the technological advances and the use of deep brain stimulation (DBS) to treat neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders, as presented by participants of the Fourth Annual DBS Think Tank, which was convened in March 2016 in conjunction with the Center for Movement Disorders and Neurorestoration at the University of Florida, Gainesveille FL, USA. The Think Tank discussions first focused on policy and advocacy in DBS research and clinical practice, formation of registries, and issues involving the use of DBS in the treatment of Tourette Syndrome. Next, advances in the use of neuroimaging and electrochemical markers to enhance DBS specificity were addressed. Updates on ongoing use and developments of DBS for the treatment of Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, Alzheimer's disease, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, obesity, addiction were presented, and progress toward innovation(s) in closed-loop applications were discussed. Each section of these proceedings provides updates and highlights of new information as presented at this year's international Think Tank, with a view toward current and near future advancement of the field.