AUTHOR=Song Yun , Li Jingyi , Liu Lishun , Xu Richard , Zhou Ziyi , Xu Benjamin , Lin Tengfei , Chen Ping , Li Huan , Li Youbao , Liu Chengzhang , Huang Xiao , Wang Binyan , Zhang Yan , Li Jianping , Huo Yong , Ren Fazheng , Xu Xiping , Zhang Hao , Qin Xianhui 

TITLE=Plasma Vitamin E and the Risk of First Stroke in Hypertensive Patients: A Nested Case-Control Study

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Nutrition

VOLUME=8

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2021.734580

DOI=10.3389/fnut.2021.734580

ISSN=2296-861X

ABSTRACT=<p><bold>Background:</bold> The association between plasma vitamin E levels and first stroke risk in men and women remains unclear.</p><p><bold>Objective:</bold> We aimed to examine the prospective association between plasma vitamin E and first stroke, and evaluate the effect modifiers for the association, among hypertensive patients.</p><p><bold>Design:</bold> The study sample was drawn from the China Stroke Primary Prevention Trial (CSPPT), which randomized a total of 20,702 hypertensive patients to a double-blind, daily treatment with either 10 mg enalapril and 0.8 mg folic acid or 10 mg enalapril alone. This nested case-control study, including 618 first stroke cases and 618 controls matched for age, sex, treatment group, and study site, was conducted after the completion of the CSPPT.</p><p><bold>Results:</bold> The median follow-up duration was 4.5 years. Among men, a significantly higher risk of first stroke (adjusted OR, 1.67; 95%CI: 1.01, 2.77) was found for those with plasma vitamin E ≥7.1 μg/mL (≥quartile 1) compared with those with plasma vitamin E &lt; 7.1 μg/mL. Subgroup analyses further showed that the association between vitamin E (≥7.1 vs. &lt;7.1 μg/mL) and first stroke in men was significantly stronger in non-drinkers (adjusted OR, 2.64; 95%CI: 1.41, 4.96), compared to current drinkers (adjusted OR, 0.84; 95% CI: 0.43, 1.66, <italic>P</italic>-interaction = 0.008). However, there was no significant association between plasma vitamin E and first stroke in women (<italic>P</italic>-interaction between sex and plasma vitamin E = 0.048).</p><p><bold>Conclusions:</bold> Among Chinese hypertensive patients, there was a statistically significant positive association between baseline plasma vitamin E and the risk of first stroke in men, but not in women.</p><p><bold>Clinical Trial Registration:</bold><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00794885" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00794885</ext-link>, Identifier: NCT00794885.</p>