The BVI ISOPURE® 123 intraocular lens: a new hydrophobic preloaded extended monofocal IOL with intermediate vision correction

The BVI ISOPURE® intraocular lens (IOL) (PhysIOL, Liege, Belgium) is a fully refractive, aspherical, monofocal lens based on isofocal technology. Isofocal technology provides cataract patients distance vision quality combined with improved unaided intermediate vision by accentuating the extended depth of field/focus (EDOF) effect whilst inducing minimal photic phenomena. Methods PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar searches were conducted for published research articles featuring the ISOPURE 123 IOL. Results Excellent uncorrected and corrected binocular distance visual acuity of at least 20/25 can be achieved; uncorrected binocular intermediate vision of 20/25 or better in 81% and 50% at 80 cm and 66 cm, respectively, and 42% binocular near vision of 20/40 or better can be achieved. The defocus curve showed good visual acuity at far and intermediate distances with a depth of focus value of 1.50 D. Photic phenomena are minimal compared to other EDOF IOLs. Excellent contrast sensitivity was maintained compared to a standard monofocal IOL. Conclusion Studies show that this isofocal optic design IOL provides excellent visual performance for far vision and functional intermediate vision with an increased range of vision with few photic phenomena. This lens is an effective option for providing functional intermediate vision and correcting aphakia.


Introduction
There are growing expectations amongst patients to be free of glasses following cataract There is now a vast array of intraocular lenses that deliver uncorrected visual acuity at various distances with fewer dysphotopsias than other types of IOL."Extended depth-of-focus (EDOF)" IOLs create a single elongated focal point that extends the range of vision (1).In addition, fewer photic phenomena are observed compared to multifocal IOLs and trifocal IOLs (2).
This mini-review should be read with reference to the "Perspectives" section of this book (Presbyopia-correcting intraocular lenses).The reader will then understand the reasons for the parentheses around "EDOF"; a more correct term being "increased range of focus" (IROF) IOL.
ISOPURE ® (PhysIOL, Liege, Belgium) is a yellow hydrophobic aspheric non-diffractive IOL.Its EDOF properties are based on a polynomial surface design across the full optic providing a high amount of negative spherical aberrations, smoothly increasing from the centre to the periphery of the optic.The modification of spherical aberrations is termed isofocal technology.Isofocal optic design IOL provides excellent visual performance for far vision and functional intermediate vision with an increased range of vision.

Methodology
PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar searches were conducted for published research articles featuring the ISOPURE 123 IOL.A total of 23 articles were reviewed with the time interval being from 2019 to 2023.Published articles rather than conference abstracts were included as per the requirements of the publisher.

Summary of literature on visual performance
In patients undergoing same-day bilateral cataract surgery, the refractive aim being mini-monovision, ISOPURE ® IOL provided an extended range of functional vision, up to 63 cm, resulting in useful uncorrected near vision, good uncorrected intermediate vision, and excellent uncorrected distance vision.Subjective patient satisfaction for spectacle independence and fewer dysphotopsias was high (3).
Various studies have demonstrated the increased range of focus achieved by ISOPURE ® .In non-comparative study, ISOPURE ® IOL provided excellent visual performance for far vision and functional intermediate vision with an increased range of vision and good tolerance of residual refractive cylinder (4,5).In another non-comparative study, ISOPURE ® IOL, based on greater depth of focus than aspheric monofocal IOLs, offered a good option for distance and intermediate vision with fewer optical aberrations and dysphotopsias (6).In a randomised controlled trial comparing ISOPURE ® IOL with a standard monofocal aspheric IOL, both IOLs provided excellent visual acuity and contrast sensitivity for far vision with a similar frequency of photic phenomena, but, in addition, the ISOPURE IOL improved unaided intermediate vision performance (7).
In a study comparing different IROF IOLs with different mechanisms of action, there were no statistically significant differences in terms of frequency of photopic contrast sensitivity, halo, or glare perception.In patients without ocular comorbidities, the Eyhance ICB00 IOL (Johnson & Johnson Vision, Wokingham, UK), the Vivinex Impress IOL (Alcon Eyecare UK Ltd, Camberley, UK), and the ISOPURE ® IOL, even though based on different optical properties, provided similar results in terms of visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and intraocular aberrations, with no influence of dysphotopsias (8).
In another study comparing IROF IOLS with different optical properties, each IOL provided good distance vision without creating spontaneous complaints of photic phenomena.These IROF IOLs, including ISOPURE ® , are efficient for patients wanting spectacle independence with fewer associated dysphotopsias (9).
Another advantage of the isofocal optic design is that the modification of the surfaces of the isofocal lens does not have a negative impact on the refraction obtained by autorefraction compared to a standard monofocal intraocular lens (10).
Specific data on the occurrence of photic phenomena and optic aberrations showed that in one study, 63% had no dysphotopsias, 16% experienced glare, 16% starburst, and 5% haloes (3).When ISOPURE 123 was compared with a standard monofocal MICROPURE 123 IOL, the average size and intensity of halo (from pre-op 18.31 to 27.32) and glare (from pre-op 10.34 to 18.76) phenomena were similar between the two groups (7).
In a study comparing aberrometry with a monofocal IOL (Tecnis PCB00) (6), the coma, spherical aberration, and higherorder aberrations were similar between groups (p=0.45).Some differences were noted in the internal spherical aberration Z (4, 0), more negative in the ISOPURE IOL but not statistically significant (p=0.024).

Results
The results are summarised in Table 1 and Figures 1 and 2. Together, these data show the number of cases analysed in each study, uncorrected and best corrected distance, intermediate and near visual acuity, and a comparison of defocus curves.
Table 1 summarises the results from the different studies, which include comparisons with other IOLs in this category.Figures 2 and 3 summarise the near vision achieved (4, 7). Figure 4 summarises the defocus curves for ISOPURE 123 across the studies (N.B. the highest curve is a study with mini-monovision).

Discussion
The ISOPURE ® IOL, which has an isofocal optic design, provides patients with a high degree of spectacle independence following cataract surgery.It provides excellent uncorrected distance vision and, in addition, provides good functional   Frontiers in Ophthalmology frontiersin.orgintermediate vision.With a mini-monovision refractive aim, useful near vision without spectacles is also achieved.Furthermore, there is no significant increase in the frequency of optical aberrations or dysphotopsias, meaning excellent quality of vision too.Although currently there is good evidence for its visual performance, more studies are required with a greater number of participants in order to establish its true worth in providing high levels of patient satisfaction for spectacle independence and quality of vision.
Amongst the wide range of similar IOLs available currently, ISOPURE represents an excellent choice for surgeons and patients who seek outstanding functional vision and quality of vision with minimal spectacle dependence and photic phenomena.In addition, there is tolerance to residual astigmatism that is similar to that of a monofocal lens with pupil size up to 3.5 mm (11).A toric version of the IOL is awaited, as well as more data on posterior capsule opacification and YAG laser capsulotomy rates, which will become evident with long-term studies.

Figure 1
Figure 1 summarises the distance and intermediate visual acuities across the studies for ISOPURE 123 IOL.Figures2 and 3summarise the near vision achieved (4, 7).Figure4summarises the defocus curves for ISOPURE 123 across the studies (N.B. the highest curve is a study with mini-monovision).

FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4Defocus curves for BVI ISOPURE 123 IOL across the studies.

TABLE 1
Clinical studies reporting outcomes of patients implanted with the Isopure 1.2.3.intraocularlens.Isopure IOL provides excellent visual performance for far vision and functional intermediate vision with an extended range of vision.This lens is an effective option for providing functional intermediate vision and correcting aphakia.Isopure IOL provided an extended range of functional vision (up to 63 cm) resulting in useful UNVA, good UIVA, and excellent UDVA.Subjective patient satisfaction in terms of spectacle independence and photic phenomena was high.Lucidis IOL showed more efficient distance, low contrast, and near vision than Isopure and Synthesis+ IOLs.Synthesis+ IOL seems to be more efficient in intermediate vision than other groups.In conclusion, Eyhance, Impress and Isopure enhanced monofocal IOLs-even though based on different optical profiles-showed similar results in terms of visual outcomes, aberrometry and photic phenomena perception.Both IOLs provide excellent visual acuity and contrast sensitivity for far vision with similar photic phenomena, and the Isopure IOL improved unaided intermediate vision performance.Distance and intermediate vision achieved.