AUTHOR=Shabbir Muhammad Zeeshan , Zhang Tiantao , Wang Zhenying , He Kanglai 

TITLE=Transcriptome and Proteome Alternation With Resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ah Toxin in Ostrinia furnacalis

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Physiology

VOLUME=Volume 10 - 2019

YEAR=2019

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/physiology/articles/10.3389/fphys.2019.00027

DOI=10.3389/fphys.2019.00027

ISSN=1664-042X

ABSTRACT=Background: Although Asian corn borer (ACB), Ostrinia furnacalis can develop resistance to transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) maize expressing Cry1Ah-toxin. However, the mechanisms that regulate the resistance of ACB to Cry1Ah-toxin are unknown. 
Objective: In order to understand the molecular basis of the Cry1Ah-toxin resistance in ACB, “omics” analyses were performed to examine the difference between Cry1Ah-resistant (ACB-AhR) and susceptible (ACB-BtS) strains of ACB at both transcriptional and translational levels. 
Results: A total of 7,007 mRNAs and 182 proteins were expressed between ACB-AhR and ACB-BtS and 90 transcripts had simultaneous transcription and translation profiles. Down-regulated genes associated with Cry1Ah resistance included aminopeptidase N, ABCC3, DIMBOA-induced cytochrome P450, alkaline phosphatase, glutathione S-transferase, cadherin-like protein, V-ATPase. Whereas, anti-stress genes, such as heat shock protein 70 and carboxylesterase were up-regulated in ACB-AhR, displaying that higher proportion of genes/proteins related to resistance was down-regulated compared to up-regulated. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis mapped 578 and 29 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and proteins, to 27 and 10 pathways, respectively (P ˂ 0.05). Furthermore, Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) results based on relative expression levels of randomly selected genes confirmed the “omics” response. 
Conclusions: Despite the previous studies, this is the first combination of study using RNA-Seq and iTRAQ approaches on the Cry1Ah-toxin binding, which led to the identification of longer length of unigenes in ACB. The Differentially expressed genes and proteins results are valuable for further clarifying Cry1Ah-mediated resistance.