AUTHOR=Wang Ting , Chen Ying , Zhang Min , Chen Jiugeng , Liu Jie , Han Huiling , Hua Xuejun 

TITLE=Arabidopsis AMINO ACID PERMEASE1 Contributes to Salt Stress-Induced Proline Uptake from Exogenous Sources

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Plant Science

VOLUME=8

YEAR=2017

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-science/articles/10.3389/fpls.2017.02182

DOI=10.3389/fpls.2017.02182

ISSN=1664-462X

ABSTRACT=<p>Stress-induced proline accumulation in plants is thought to result primarily from enhanced proline biosynthesis and decreased proline degradation. To identify regulatory components involved in proline transport, we screened for <italic>Arabidopsis thaliana</italic> T-DNA mutants with enhanced tolerance to toxic levels of exogenous proline (45 mM). We isolated the <italic><underline>p</underline>roline <underline>re</underline>sistant 1-1</italic> (<italic>pre1-1</italic>) mutant and map-based cloning identified <italic>PRE1</italic> as <italic>AMINO ACID PERMEASE1</italic> (<italic>AAP1</italic>, At1g58360), which encodes a plasma membrane-localized amino acid permease. <italic>AAP1</italic> expression is induced by salt stress and abscisic acid, but not by proline. In <italic>pre1-1</italic> mutants, a 19-nucleotide deletion in the <italic>AAP1</italic> coding region produced a premature stop codon. When grown on proline-containing medium, <italic>pre1-1</italic> mutants accumulated significantly less proline than did the wild type. Under salt stress, proline uptake decreased significantly in <italic>pre1-1</italic> mutants. By contrast, proline uptake increased significantly in the wild type. These results suggest that AAP1 functions in the increase of proline uptake during salt stress. In addition, proline uptake promotes salt tolerance in Arabidopsis seedlings. We conclude that plants can increase proline accumulation by AtAAP1-mediated proline uptake from exogenous source, which help to improve the salt tolerance of seedlings.</p>