AUTHOR=Asthana Manish , Nueckel Katharina , Mühlberger Andreas , Neueder Dorothea , Polak Thomas , Domschke Katharina , Deckert Jürgen , Herrmann Martin J. TITLE=Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Consolidation of Fear Memory JOURNAL=Frontiers in Psychiatry VOLUME=4 YEAR=2013 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychiatry/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00107 DOI=10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00107 ISSN=1664-0640 ABSTRACT=

It has been shown that applying transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) influences declarative memory processes. This study investigates the efficacy of tDCS on emotional memory consolidation, especially experimental fear conditioning. We applied an auditory fear-conditioning paradigm, in which two differently colored squares (blue and yellow) were presented as conditioned stimuli (CS) and an auditory stimulus as unconditioned stimulus (UCS). Sixty-nine participants were randomly assigned into three groups: anodal, cathodal, and sham stimulation. The participants of the two active groups (i.e., anodal and cathodal) received tDCS over the left DLPFC for 12 min after fear conditioning. The effect of fear conditioning and consolidation (24 h later) was measured by assessing the skin conductance response (SCR) to the CS. The results provide evidence that cathodal stimulation of the left DLPFC leads to an inhibitory effect on fear memory consolidation compared to anodal and sham stimulation, as indicated by decreased SCRs to CS+ presentation during extinction training at day 2. In conclusion, current work suggests that cathodal stimulation interferes with processes of fear memory consolidation.