@ARTICLE{10.3389/fpsyt.2014.00021, AUTHOR={Rahm, Christoffer}, TITLE={Differential Effects of Single-Dose Escitalopram on Cognitive and Affective Interference during Stroop Task}, JOURNAL={Frontiers in Psychiatry}, VOLUME={5}, YEAR={2014}, URL={https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2014.00021}, DOI={10.3389/fpsyt.2014.00021}, ISSN={1664-0640}, ABSTRACT={Background and objective: Our aim was to study the regulatory role of serotonin [(5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)] on two key nodes in the cognitive control networks – the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). We hypothesized that increasing the levels of 5-HT would preferentially modulate the activity in ACC during cognitive control during interference by negative affects compared to cognitive control during interference by a superimposed cognitive task.Methods: We performed a functional magnetic resonance imaging investigation on 11 healthy individuals, comparing the effects of the selective 5-HT reuptake inhibitor escitalopram on brain oxygenation level dependent signals in the ACC and the DLPFC using affective and cognitive counting Stroop paradigms (aStroop and cStroop).Results: Escitalopram significantly decreased the activity in rostral ACC during aStroop compared to cStroop (p < 0.05). In the absence of escitalopram, both aStroop and cStroop significantly activated ACC and DLPFC (Z ≥ 2.3, p < 0.05).Conclusion: We conclude that escitalopram in a region and task specific manner modified the cognitive control networks and preferentially decreased activity induced by affective interference in the ACC.} }