@ARTICLE{10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00571, AUTHOR={Lin, Shih-Yi and Hsu, Wu-Huei and Lin, Cheng-Chieh and Lin, Cheng-Li and Yeh, Hung-Chieh and Kao, Chia-Hung}, TITLE={Association of Transfusion With Risks of Dementia or Alzheimer’s Disease: A Population-Based Cohort Study}, JOURNAL={Frontiers in Psychiatry}, VOLUME={10}, YEAR={2019}, URL={https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00571}, DOI={10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00571}, ISSN={1664-0640}, ABSTRACT={Purpose: The association between neurodegenerative diseases and transfusion remains to be investigated.Methods: The study population comprised 63,813 patients who underwent a blood transfusion and 63,813 propensity score-matched controls between 2000 and 2010. Data were obtained from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, which is maintained by the National Health Research Institutes. A Cox regression analysis was conducted to elucidate the relationship between blood transfusions and the risk of dementia.Results: A multivariate Cox regression analysis of factors, such as age, sex, cardiovascular ischemia disease, and depression, revealed that patients who underwent a blood transfusion showed a 1.73-fold higher risk of dementia [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.62-1.84] and a 1.37-fold higher risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) [95% CI = 1.13-1.66] than those who did not. Patients who received a transfusion of washed red blood cells showed a 2.37-fold higher risk of dementia (95% CI = 1.63-3.44) than those who did not.Conclusion: Blood transfusion, especially transfusion of any type of red blood cells is associated with an increased risk of dementia.} }