Effects of Ligilactobacillus salivarius of Alopex Lagopus on Dental Caries Development in Rats

Cuiliu Ma^{1, 2} Liu Hanlu^3* Dehui Zhao^{2, 3, 4} Ting Zhang² Weitao Yuan² Chaonan Liu⁵

• ¹Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), China
• ²Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
• ³Chifeng University, China
• ⁴Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, China
• ⁵Soochow University, China

In this study, the inhibitory effect of Ligilactobacillus salivarius on the formation and biofilm of Streptococcus mutans was investigated through in vitro testing. and the anti-caries effect of the substance was confirmed through experimentation on a rat caries model. Meanwhile, to investigate the impact of Ligilactobacillus salivarius on immune function, intestinal morphology and lipid metabolism in liver during caries prevention and treatment in rats. Based on the diameter of the inhibition zone, appropriate inhibitory concentrations were determined to be 1:4 and 1:8, respectively. The growth of Streptococcus mutans biofilm was suppressed at dilutions of 1:4 and 1:8 of Ligilactobacillus salivarius, a significant difference was observed compared to the negative control group (P<0.05). Forty-two 21(±5)-day-old wister rats were randomly divided into 7 groups with 6 rats in each group. A randomized trial design with a single factor was employed, they were blank control (NC group), negative control (S.m group), chlorhexidine control (CHX group), low-concentration smear (LLS group), high-concentration smear (HLS group), high-concentration smear (IHLS group) and prevention (Pre group), respectively. Compared with S.m group, the colonization count of oral Streptococcus mutans was reduced following treatment with a solution containing Ligilactobacillus salivarius, and the ICDAS scores of rats in the HLS, LLS and Pre groups exhibited a significant reduction (P<0.05). The HLS group demonstrated a significant improvement in crypt depth and velvet crypt ratio (P<0.05). The HLS group has the potential to mitigate the formation of lipid droplets.Compared to the S.m group, there were significant differences in serum levels of IL-4 and IL-10 observed in the IHLS group (P<0.05); the IHLS group significantly reduced IL-6 levels (P<0.05); the IHLS group significantly decreased serum triglyceride levels. (P<0.05). and the IHLS group exhibited a significant reduction in lactate dehydrogenase levels (P<0.05).Furthermore, the concentration of alanine aminotransferase was elevated in the S.m group, the observed value exhibited a significant deviation from the values of the other groups (P<0.05).In conclusion, Ligilactobacillus salivarius inhibited the growth of Streptococcus mutans, alleviated the levels dental caries, improved the tissue morphology of small intestine, immune status and liver lipid metabolism in rat caries model.