AUTHOR=Yue Chunlin , Yu Qian , Zhang Yanjie , Herold Fabian , Mei Jian , Kong Zhaowei , Perrey Stephane , Liu Jiao , Müller Notger G. , Zhang Zonghao , Tao Yuliu , Kramer Arthur , Becker Benjamin , Zou Liye 

TITLE=Regular Tai Chi Practice Is Associated With Improved Memory as Well as Structural and Functional Alterations of the Hippocampus in the Elderly

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience

VOLUME=Volume 12 - 2020

YEAR=2020

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/aging-neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnagi.2020.586770

DOI=10.3389/fnagi.2020.586770

ISSN=1663-4365

ABSTRACT=Objective. The current study aimed at comparing the effects of Tai Chi (motor-cognitive exercise)  withwalking (exercise without cognitive demands) on cognitive performance, brain structure and function in the elderly. 
Methods. This cross-sectional study included 42 healthy elderly women within two groups: Tai Chi (n = 20; mean age = 62.90±2.38 years) and brisk walking exercise (n = 22; mean age = 63.27±3.58 years). All the participants underwent cognitive assessment via the Montreal Cognitive Assessment and brain structural and resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) assessments. 
Results. Episodic memory in Tai Chi group was superior to that of the walking group. Higher gray matter density in inferior and medial temporal regions (including hippocampus) and higher ReHo in temporal regions (specifically the fusiform gyrus and hippocampus) were found in the Tai Chi group. Significant partial correlations were found between the gray matter density of the left hippocampus and episodic memory in the whole sample. Significant partial correlations were observed between the ReHo in left hippocampus, left parahippocampal, left fusiform and delayed memory task was observed among all subjects. 
Conclusion. The present study suggest that long-term Tai Chi practice may improve memory performance via remodeling the structure and function of hippocampus.