AUTHOR=Gonzalez Aleman Gabriela , Vavougios George D. , Tartaglia Carmela , Uvais Nalakath A. , Guekht Alla , Hosseini Akram A. , Lo Re Vincenzina , Ferreccio Catterina , D'Avossa Giovanni , Zamponi Hernan P. , Figueredo Aguiar Mariana , Yecora Agustin , Ul Haq Katshu Mohammad Zia , Stavrou Vasileios T. , Boutlas Stylianos , Gourgoulianis Konstantinos I. , Botero Camila , González Insúa Francisco , Perez-Lloret Santiago , Zinchuk Mikhail , Gersamija Anna , Popova Sofya , Bryzgalova Yulia , Sviatskaya Ekaterina , Russelli Giovanna , Avorio Federica , Wang Sophia , Edison Paul , Niimi Yoshiki , Sohrabi Hamid R. , Mukaetova Ladinska Elizabeta B. , Neidre Daria , de Erausquin Gabriel A. 

TITLE=Age-dependent phenotypes of cognitive impairment as sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience

VOLUME=Volume 16 - 2024

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/aging-neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnagi.2024.1432357

DOI=10.3389/fnagi.2024.1432357

ISSN=1663-4365

ABSTRACT=Cognitive changes associated with PASC may not be uniform across populations. We conducted individual-level pooled analyses and meta-analyses of cognitive assessments from eight prospective cohorts, comprising 2,105 patients and 1,432 controls from Argentina, Canada, Chile, Greece, India, Italy, Russia, and the UK. The meta-analysis found no differences by country of origin. The profile and severity of cognitive impairment varied by age, with mild attentional impairment observed in young and middle-aged adults, but memory, language, and executive function impairment in older adults. The risk of moderate to severe impairment doubled in older adults. Moderately severe or severe impairment was significantly associated with infection diagnoses (chi-square = 26.57, p ≤ 0.0001) and the severity of anosmia (chi-square = 31.81, p ≤ 0.0001). We found distinct age-related phenotypes of cognitive impairment in patients recovering from COVID-19. We identified the severity of acute illness and the presence of olfactory dysfunction as the primary predictors of dementia-like impairment in older adults.