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        <title>Frontiers in Aging | Musculoskeletal Aging section | New and Recent Articles</title>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/aging/sections/musculoskeletal-aging</link>
        <description>RSS Feed for Musculoskeletal Aging section in the Frontiers in Aging journal | New and Recent Articles</description>
        <language>en-us</language>
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        <pubDate>2026-05-14T20:18:21.811+00:00</pubDate>
        <ttl>60</ttl>
        <item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2026.1859857</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2026.1859857</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Editorial: Enhancing geriatric care with AI: strategies for fall prevention and aging-in-place]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-01T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Editorial</category>
        <author>Siu Shing Man</author><author>Ronggang Zhou</author><author>Lu Peng</author><author>Alan Hoi Shou Chan</author>
        <description></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2026.1855184</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2026.1855184</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Editorial: Women at the forefront of musculoskeletal aging science]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-30T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Editorial</category>
        <author>Caglar Cosarderelioglu</author><author>Stefania Toselli</author><author>Ligiana Pires Corona</author>
        <description></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2026.1816647</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2026.1816647</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Physical activity interventions to improve physical function in temporarily non-ambulant older persons: a scoping review]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-15T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Review</category>
        <author>Elma van Garderen</author><author>Mandy Visser</author><author>Wilco P. Achterberg</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionOlder persons who are temporarily non-ambulant are often confronted with the adverse health effects of physical inactivity. These adverse health effects include sarcopenia, reduced strength, reduced health-related quality of life and increased mortality. To counteract those negative effects of immobility, it is important to know how older persons can stay physically active when they are temporarily unable to ambulate. Therefore, the aim of this scoping review was to provide an overview of physical activity interventions that can be performed by older persons who are temporarily non-ambulant.MethodA literature search was performed through PubMed, EMCARE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, PEDro, Academic search premier and Epistemonikos in August 2023 and updated in October 2024 and December 2025. Included were full-text, English-language articles, describing physical activity interventions for older persons who were temporarily non-ambulant.ResultsTen studies met the inclusion criteria. The physical activity interventions described in the studies were wheelchair mobilization, lower extremity strength training, (seated) physical activity programmes and neuromuscular electric stimulation. The effects of these interventions on physical fitness include; the ability to ambulate and walk, increase in muscle mass and power, slower decline in physical activity and a decrease in fear of falling.Conclusion and implicationsStudies regarding physical activity interventions that can be performed by older persons who are temporarily non-ambulant are scarce, even though being temporarily non-ambulant is common among older persons. This review highlights the need for future studies on how we can help temporarily non-ambulant older persons to remain physically active. We recommend to conduct future studies for the development of a hospital and in-patient geriatric rehabilitation guideline for those older persons.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2026.1780462</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2026.1780462</link>
        <title><![CDATA[The interplay between stroke and hip fractures: a narrative review of mechanisms, risk assessment, and prevention]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-09T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Review</category>
        <author>Zuzhou Wen</author><author>Yun Ye</author><author>Junzhao Qiao</author><author>Hongqiang Chen</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Stroke survivors face a substantially increased risk of hip fractures due to a combination of motor impairments, falls, and stroke-induced bone density loss. Conversely, hip fractures in this population are associated with elevated mortality, reduced functional recovery, and greater healthcare burden. This narrative review synthesizes current evidence on the epidemiological, pathophysiological, and clinical interrelationships between stroke and hip fractures. Key quantitative findings include a 7.6% incidence of hip fractures within 5 years post-stroke—significantly higher than the 2.8% observed in non-stroke populations—and a 30-day postoperative mortality rate of up to 14.8% in stroke patients with hip fractures. Severe post-stroke disability is associated with a 2.1- to 4.8-fold increased risk of hip fracture compared to those with good recovery. The review also highlights the utility of risk assessment tools such as FRAX and emerging prediction models, and evaluates prevention strategies including osteoporosis screening, exercise-based rehabilitation, and lifestyle modifications.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2026.1652951</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2026.1652951</link>
        <title><![CDATA[PCKP versus UPKP for moderate-to-severe osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: a prospective randomized controlled trial revealing synergistic mechanisms of optimized bone cement distribution and anti-osteoporosis therapy on medium-to-long-term outcomes]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-08T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Fuguo Yang</author><author>Yuanchao Luo</author><author>Kang Chen</author><author>Renjian He</author>
        <description><![CDATA[BackgroundPercutaneous curved kyphoplasty (PCKP) demonstrates early advantages in treating osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs), but its long-term efficacy and patient-selection criteria remain controversial.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to prospectively compare the mid-to-long-term outcomes of PCKP versus unilateral percutaneous kyphoplasty (UPKP) for single-level OVCFs and establish a hierarchical decision model based on vertebral compression severity.MethodsA total of 139 patients with single-level OVCFs (January 2021–January 2023) were randomized to PCKP (n = 67) or UPKP (n = 72), with ≥24-month follow-up. Outcomes included the visual analog score (VAS), Oswestry dysfunction index (ODI), cement distribution (type I–V classification), leakage rate, and re-fracture incidence. Anti-osteoporosis compliance was analyzed for its impact on efficacy.ResultsBoth groups showed significant postoperative improvement in VAS and ODI (p < 0.05). PCKP achieved superior early pain relief (VAS: 1.99 ± 0.77 vs. 3.47 ± 0.50; ODI: 27.07 ± 1.78 vs. 35.33 ± 3.12 at 2 days, p < 0.001), a higher cement distribution excellence rate (91.04% vs. 76.39%), and a lower leakage rate (10.45% vs. 26.39%). However, outcomes converged from 3 months onward (p > 0.05), with no significant differences in re-fracture (11.94% vs. 15.28%) or anti-osteoporosis compliance (28.36% vs. 33.33%). Subgroup analysis revealed that PCKP provided more symmetric cement distribution (p = 0.02) and a 21% lower leakage risk in moderate-to-severe OVCFs (Genant 2–3).ConclusionPCKP enhances early biomechanical stability in moderate-to-severe OVCFs through optimized cement dispersion, while long-term efficacy relies on standardized anti-osteoporosis therapy. A stepwise decision model (“PCKP for Genant 2–3, UPKP for mild cases”), combined with a “vertebral augmentation–bone metabolism modulation–behavioral intervention” strategy, is recommended.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2026.1695517</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2026.1695517</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Multimodal frailty detection in primary care using a portable sensor-based platform: exploratory results]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-02T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Florian Legrand</author><author>Ioannis Bargiotas</author><author>Matthieu Ndumbi Lukuenya</author><author>Jean-Marc Eychene</author><author>Evelyne Alastor</author><author>Lise Haddouk</author><author>Christophe Labourdette</author><author>Sébastien Leruste</author><author>Jean-Marc Franco</author><author>Frédéric Sandron</author><author>Pierre-Paul Vidal</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionFrailty reflects age-related decline across multiple physiological systems, reducing resilience and increasing risks of falls, hospitalization, disability, and mortality. Scalable approaches are needed to identify pre-frailty earlier in community-dwelling older adults and enable timely prevention in primary care.ObjectiveTo develop and evaluate a multivariable sensor-based framework for early frailty detection using standardized gait and balance assessments in general practice.MethodsWe conducted a prospective cohort study (2021–2024) in southern Réunion Island among retired adults aged ≥65 years recruited in primary care. The protocol included: (1) baseline general practitioner (GP) assessment with expert frailty rating, Fried phenotype, and WHO ICOPE Step 1; (2) telephone assessment of mental health, self-rated health, and quality of life; (3) outpatient instrumented evaluation combining IMU-based gait analysis, force-platform posturography, grip strength, and ICOPE Step 2 measures; (4) monthly falls surveillance over 6 months; and (5) repeat instrumented gait and balance assessment at 6 months. Correlation analyses and machine-learning models examined relationships between frailty measures and the discriminative value of sensor-derived and multimodal predictors.ResultsAmong 145 participants (mean age 71 ± 5 years), 98.5% had impairment in at least one intrinsic capacity domain at baseline, most commonly vision (77.7%), locomotion (53.1%), hearing (52.5%), and psychological (27.3%). Sedentary behavior was frequent (77%). Expert frailty scores correlated with the Fried phenotype, whereas associations with self-rated health were weaker. Models based on sensor parameters alone showed limited ability to reproduce Fried-defined frailty, while multimodal models integrating clinical and questionnaire variables improved discrimination. Over 6 months, kinesiotherapy and regular physical activity were associated with improved postural control metrics (including center-of-pressure features and mediolateral sway), while changes in gait speed were modest.ConclusionAn IoT-supported platform combining quantitative gait, balance, and grip strength measures with targeted questionnaires is feasible in outpatient primary care and yields frailty estimates broadly consistent with GP assessment. However, subjective and clinical inputs remain essential to capture psychological aspects of frailty not fully reflected by sensor signals alone. These findings support scalable frailty screening and longitudinal monitoring, and warrant validation in larger samples, including deployment by trained non-medical personnel and integration into precision-prevention pathways.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2026.1736517</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2026.1736517</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Association between maximal lower leg strength and static and dynamic balance as well as gait velocity in older adults]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-30T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Konstantin Warneke</author><author>Andreas Stotz</author><author>Andreas Konrad</author><author>Astrid Zech</author>
        <description><![CDATA[PurposeFalls cause serious injuries with partially long immobilization time and decreased quality of life in older adults. The risk factors comprise instability in gait and balance, which were moderately correlated with the strength capacity. While the literature focused on upper-limb strength, in this work, we sought to evaluate the relationship between maximal plantar flexion and dorsiflexion strength and walking and balance parameters in older adults.MethodsA total of 51 healthy and active participants (age: 78.5 ± 5.8 years) participated in the study. Lower-leg maximal strength was determined isometrically. Selected gait parameters (normal and maximal walking velocity), static balance [center of pressure (CoP) sway in different standing conditions], and the timed up and go (TUG) and sit-to-stand (STS) were determined. Correlations [Pearson (rp)/Spearman (rs)] were calculated in general and stratified by sex.ResultsWalking velocity, STS, and TUG were significantly influenced by lower-leg strength (rs up to 0.79 in males). Static balance showed no meaningful relationships. In general, fewer correlations in female participants reached the level of significance and showed smaller effect sizes.DiscussionAlthough smaller sex-subgroup sample sizes might limit confidence in the results, male participants showed higher correlations between strength and walking velocity (up to rs = 0.79) and individual balance parameters (rs = 0.77) than female participants (rs = 0.56 for gait, rs = 0.72 for TUG). The results align with previous studies showing a potential influence of strength on gait parameters; however, a causal relationship must be confirmed by longitudinal study designs. Nevertheless, based on the results, there is a need for future sex-specific studies on the necessity of sex-specific balance and fall-prevention routines.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2026.1726714</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2026.1726714</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Comprehensive quantitative analysis of muscle cross-sectional area and intramuscular fat infiltration of hip using modified DIXON MRI based on chemical shift encoding technique]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-26T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Dezhao Jia</author><author>Ming Wang</author><author>Hong Yu</author><author>Yongzhi Zhang</author><author>Yi Wang</author><author>Yiming Sun</author><author>Mengfei Wu</author>
        <description><![CDATA[PurposeNoninvasive quantitative assessment of hip musculature is critically needed, as the structural integrity of hip muscles and the degree of intramuscular fat infiltration are essential determinants of hip stability and function. This study employed a modified DIXON of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique to evaluate the cross sectional area (CSA) and intramuscular fat fraction (IMFF) of hip muscles. We analyzed factors influencing changes in hip muscle structure and intramuscular fat infiltration with the aim of establishing a comprehensive map of hip muscle characteristics.MethodsThis cross-sectional study enrolled participants from the health examination center of our research institution. All participants underwent 3.0T MRI with mDIXON Quant sequence. The CSA and IMFF of 10 muscles of hip were semi-automatically delineated and measured at four predefined anatomical levels. the effects of sex, age, and laterality on hip muscle CSA and IMFF were investigated. Multivariate analysis was also performed to identify factors influencing IMFF in the hip.ResultsA total of 177 participants (100 males, 77 females; age range: 18–80 years) were included. The mean age was 52.70 ± 14.36 years for males and 51.58 ± 14.85 years for females. Compared with females, males exhibited significantly smaller subcutaneous fat area (SFA)/subcutaneous fat thickness (SFT) (p < 0.001) and a larger proximal femoral area (PFA) in the hip (p < 0.001). Additionally, males demonstrated larger CSA in all muscles (p < 0.001) and lower IMFF in most muscles (p ≤ 0.001) of hip. With advancing age, the CSA of all 10 hip muscles progressively decreased, while IMFF increased. Laterality had minimal influence on hip muscle CSA and IMFF. Multivariate analyses showed that age as the predominant factor influencing IMFF.ConclusionThe mDIXON QUANT sequence enables noninvasive quantification of CSA and IMFF of hip muscles, with age identified as a significant influencing factor. This technique holds promise for establishing normative reference data on hip muscle CSA and IMFF in healthy populations, thereby enhancing the understanding of degenerative changes and aiding in clinical decision-making for surgical planning and postoperative rehabilitation guidance.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2026.1750450</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2026.1750450</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Targeting innate immunity to modulate bone metabolism: a novel strategy for osteoporosis treatment]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-20T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Review</category>
        <author>Wenjie Kou</author><author>Xiaomin Lu</author><author>Zhe Zhang</author><author>Kaiwen Liu</author><author>Zhihuan Liu</author><author>Bin Jiang</author><author>Hongping Wang</author><author>Jishu Li</author><author>Hu Lu</author><author>Chenglong Guo</author><author>Linzhong Cao</author><author>Xiaogang Zhang</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Osteoporosis is a systemic metabolic bone disorder characterized by reduced bone mass and impaired microarchitecture, with its core pathological mechanism being an imbalance between bone formation and resorption. Traditional therapies targeting osteoblast/osteoclast function have limited efficacy and safety concerns. Recent osteoimmunology advances reveal that the innate immune system regulates bone homeostasis via intercellular interactions, cytokine networks, and metabolic reprogramming. This systematic review examines the roles of innate immune cells (macrophages, neutrophils, NK cells, DCs), complement system, and emerging pathways (trained immunity, mitochondrial symbiosis disruption) in osteoporosis. It summarizes therapeutic strategies (immunometabolic modulators, complement antagonists, cytokine-targeted drugs, TCM components) and outlines challenges (target specificity, clinical translation) and future directions, providing theoretical foundations for novel OP treatments.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2026.1736916</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2026.1736916</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Metabolite biomarkers present in urine predict alterations in skeletal muscle associated with sarcopenia]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-20T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Rafaela Andrade-Vieira</author><author>Hirad A. Feridooni</author><author>Alyne Teixeira</author><author>Dylan Deska-Gauthier</author><author>Xingjian Chang</author><author>Tobias Karakach</author><author>Rebecca Moyer</author><author>John P. Frampton</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionSarcopenia, characterized by the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength with age, is associated with adverse health outcomes and reduced health span in aging populations. Early detection is critical for implementing preventive strategies; however, current diagnostic methods are often costly, specialized, and not suitable for routine screening. This study aimed to identify metabolite biomarkers associated with early alterations in muscle metabolism that may support accessible screening approaches.MethodsIn this cross-sectional observational study, serum samples from 200 individuals aged 550–70 years from the general population were analyzed. Participants completed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). In a subset of 60 participants, urine samples were also collected, and participants underwent additional assessments including the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), IPAQ, and a supplementary health questionnaire. Targeted metabolomic analyses were performed to identify metabolites associated with early sarcopenia-related metabolic changes.ResultsA panel of metabolites in serum—L-glutamic acid, xanthine, taurine, succinate, and L‐carnitine—was associated with early alterations in muscle metabolism. These metabolites were also detectable in urine samples. Importantly, predictive performance for sarcopenia-related changes was observed when the metabolites were analyzed as a combined panel rather than as individual biomarkers.ConclusionOur findings identify a metabolite panel detectable in urine that reflect early metabolic alterations associated with sarcopenia. This panel provide a foundation for developing accessible screening tools to support early detection and preventive strategies for muscle health decline in aging populations.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2026.1715723</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2026.1715723</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Comparing arm to whole-body motor control disambiguates age-related deterioration from compensation]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-18T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Robin Mathieu</author><author>Florian Chambellant</author><author>Denis Barbusse</author><author>Elizabeth Thomas</author><author>Charalambos Papaxanthis</author><author>Pauline M. Hilt</author><author>Patrick Manckoundia</author><author>France Mourey</author><author>Jeremie Gaveau</author>
        <description><![CDATA[BackgroundAs the global population ages, it is crucial to understand sensorimotor compensation mechanisms. These mechanisms are thought to enable older adults to remain in good physical health, but despite important research efforts, their precise nature remains elusive and has not been definitively demonstrated. A major problem with their identification is the ambiguous interpretation of age-related alterations. Whether a change reflects deterioration or compensation is difficult to determine.MethodsTo address this challenge, we examined movement efficiency in younger and older adults using two complementary approaches. In Experiment 1 (Younger, n = 20; mean age = 23.6 years, and older adults, n = 24; mean age = 72 years), we quantified energetic efficiency through the negativity of phasic EMG activity—an established marker of how the nervous system exploits gravity to minimize muscular effort—during both single-joint arm movements and whole-body actions (sit-to-stand/back-to-sit and whole-body reaching). In Experiment 2 (younger adults, n = 20; mean age = 22.9 years; older adults, n = 20; mean age = 70.6 years), we directly measured energetic cost using exhaled-gas analysis during treadmill walking under varying balance constraints.ResultsIn Experiment 1, older adults preserved efficient planning during arm movements, but they showed reduced gravity-related efficiency during whole-body tasks. Complementary center-of-mass analyses and optimal control simulations indicated that this reduced efficiency aligned with movement strategies favoring stability over energy minimization. In Experiment 2, older adults exhibited a disproportionately larger increase in metabolic cost and perceived effort when equilibrium demands were elevated, despite performing the same tasks as younger adults.DiscussionThis supports a causal role of equilibrium constraints in decreasing walking efficiency in older adults. Overall, these results suggest that reduced movement efficiency in healthy older adults does not reflect a deterioration but rather a compensation process that adapts movement strategy to the task specificities. When balance is at stake, healthy older adults prefer stability to energy efficiency.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2026.1823512</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2026.1823512</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Correction: Muscle quality correlates with hearing thresholds: a cross-sectional analysis]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-18T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Correction</category>
        <author>Young-Jee Jeon</author><author>Ji Ho Lee</author><author>Byung Chul Kang</author><author>Joong Keun Kwon</author>
        <description></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2026.1736263</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2026.1736263</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Ginsenoside Rg1 antagonizes diabetic osteoporosis by regulating ferroptosis via mitochondrial membrane potential in H-type vascular endothelial cells]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-17T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Mi Chen</author><author>Hongxiang Zheng</author><author>Rui Bai</author><author>Yingjie Huang</author><author>Guoyu Pang</author><author>Haixia Zhu</author><author>Zhuoxin Yi</author><author>Wenhui Chen</author>
        <description><![CDATA[BackgroundEndothelial dysfunction under high-glucose conditions is a key pathological process contributing to the development and progression of diabetic osteoporosis (DOP). High glucose-induced damage to H-type vascular endothelial cells (H-type ECs), including mitochondrial dysfunction, increased lipid peroxidation, and activation of ferroptosis, is considered a potential mechanism underlying bone loss and dysregulated bone metabolism in DOP. Diabetic osteoporosis is a common and severe complication in patients with diabetes, and current clinical treatment options remain limited. Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1), one of the main active components of ginseng, has been shown to possess antioxidant and anti-osteoporotic effects, but its underlying mechanisms in DOP remain unclear.MethodsIn this study, spontaneously diabetic GK rats and high-glucose-treated H-type ECs were used to establish in vivo diabetic osteoporosis models and in vitro cell models, respectively. The effects of Rg1 on bone loss in GK rats as well as on mitochondrial function and lipid peroxidation in H-type ECs were evaluated. In vivo and in vitro experiments were conducted to investigate the potential mechanisms of Rg1 in regulating mitochondrial function and the SLC3A2/SLC7A11-GPX4 signaling pathway.ResultsOur results showed that, compared with the model group, Rg1 at different doses effectively reduced systemic bone loss, with no significant difference between medium and high doses. Compared with the ferroptosis activator and inhibitor groups, Rg1 inhibited ferroptosis and promoted H-type vessel formation. Furthermore, in vitro experiments confirmed these findings and demonstrated that Rg1 activated the SLC3A2/SLC7A11-GPX4 signaling pathway, while modulating H-type ECs mitochondrial membrane potential, decreasing mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS), and increasing lipid peroxidation.ConclusionOur study demonstrated that Rg1 promotes vessel–osteoblast coupling and regulates bone metabolism, thereby delaying the progression of diabetic osteoporosis (DOP). The underlying mechanism may involve activation of GPX4 expression in coordination with the regulation of H-type ECs mitochondrial membrane potential, leading to decreased mtROS levels and increased lipid peroxidation, ultimately intervening in ferroptosis. These findings highlight the GPX4–mitochondria cooperative regulation of H-type ECs ferroptosis by Rg1 and provide a new potential avenue for DOP therapy.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2026.1768566</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2026.1768566</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Wnt16: a new potential therapeutic target for osteoporotic non-vertebral fracture treatment]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-09T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Review</category>
        <author>Chen Tianpeng</author><author>Xia Qishui</author><author>Yang Fo</author><author>Wu Mingjun</author><author>Hu Haibo</author><author>Jin Jiuchu</author><author>Shi Xiaolin</author><author>Jiang Gongtao</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Osteoporotic non-vertebral fractures are a major clinical burden, with cortical bone impairment being a key pathogenic factor often overlooked in traditional treatments. This review aims to synthesize current evidence on the role of Wnt16 (a non-canonical Wnt ligand) in regulating cortical bone and its potential as a therapeutic target for osteoporotic non-vertebral fractures. We systematically review literature on Wnt16 in senile, postmenopausal, and glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis, focusing on its mechanisms of action: (1) regulating bone mineral density via genetic associations with GWAS-identified loci; (2) reducing cortical bone porosity and increasing thickness; (3) dual regulation of osteoblasts (via JNK/β-catenin pathways) and osteoclasts (via OPG-dependent/independent NF-κB pathways). Wnt16 has been shown to improve bone density and reduce non-vertebral fracture risk in preclinical models, though conflicting findings exist regarding its full compensation for glucocorticoid-induced bone loss. We conclude that Wnt16 is a promising target for non-vertebral fracture prevention, with Notum inhibitors emerging as potential therapeutic agents. This review provides a comprehensive framework for future clinical and translational research.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2026.1649622</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2026.1649622</link>
        <title><![CDATA[SARC-T a new physical test for sarcopenia assessment with development, validation and physiological evaluation]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-02T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Blanca Pedauyé-Rueda</author><author>José Luis Maté-Muñoz</author><author>Juan Hernández-Lougedo</author><author>Iñigo Aparicio-García</author><author>Sara Cerrolaza-Tudanca</author><author>Manuel Rozalén-Bustín</author><author>Inmaculada Rodríguez-Moreno</author><author>Pablo García-Fernández</author>
        <description><![CDATA[BackgroundSarcopenia is a disease characterized by the progressive loss of muscle mass and strength associated with aging. There are marked differences in sarcopenia prevalence depending on the diagnostic algorithm used. It has been demonstrated that muscle power is the most relevant predictor for determining functional limitations in older adults. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the performance of the Sarcopenia Optoelectronic Chair-Rise Velocity Test (SARC-T) as complementary alternative to tests that determinate probable sarcopenia and/or assess its severity, as well as to assessment analyze its correlation with other validated tests.MethodsA cross-sectional analysis was conducted in a population residing in elderly care centers. All physical tests included in the second version of the diagnostic algorithm developed by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2) in 2019 were performed. In addition, the SARC-T was administered to measure the speed at which participants rose from a chair. Physiological variables, including heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and oxygen saturation (SpO2), were also monitored.ResultsThe sarcopenia group showed significantly lower physical performance than the non-sarcopenia group in all tests. At a physiological level, no significant differences were found between groups in the 5-STST, Handgrip, and TUG. Additionally, the SARC-T showed a strong correlation with Handgrip (r = 0.800), 5-STST (r = −0.719) and TUG (r = −0.523), and a moderate correlation with Gait Speed (r = −0.438) in sarcopenia group.ConclusionThe SARC-T could be a safe, accurate, and low-impact complementary tool for assessing the probability and severity of sarcopenia.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2026.1712785</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2026.1712785</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Evaluating the performance of large language models in sarcopenia-related patient queries: a foundational assessment for patient-centered validation]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-02-27T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Tao Huang</author><author>Ben Kirk</author><author>Jacqueline Close</author><author>Jae-young Lim</author><author>Gustavo Duque</author><author>Peter Ebeling</author><author>Minghui Yang</author><author>Maoyi Tian</author><author>Chun Sing Chui</author><author>Chaoran Liu</author><author>Ning Zhang</author><author>Wing-Hoi Cheung</author><author>Ronald Man Yeung Wong</author>
        <description><![CDATA[BackgroundLarge Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise in clinical applications but their performance in specialized areas such as sarcopenia remains understudied.MethodsA panel of sarcopenia clinician researchers developed 20 standardized patient-centered questions across six clinical domains. Each question was input into all three LLMs, and responses were anonymized, randomized, and independently assessed by three clinician researchers. Accuracy was graded on a four-point scale (“Poor” to “Excellent”), and comprehensiveness was evaluated for responses rated “Good” or higher using a five-point scale.ResultsAll LLMs achieved good performance, with no responses rated “Poor” across any domain. Deepseek had the longest and most detailed responses (mean word count: 583.75 ± 71.89) and showed superior performance in “risk factors” and “prognosis.” ChatGPT provided the most concise replies (359.5 ± 87.89 words, p = 0.0011) but achieved the highest proportion of “Good” ratings (90%). Gemini excelled in “pathogenesis” and “diagnosis” but received the most critical feedback in “prevention and treatment.” Although trends in performance differences were noted, they did not reach statistical significance. Mean comprehensiveness scores were also similar across models (Deepseek: 4.017 ± 0.77, Gemini: 3.97 ± 0.88, ChatGPT: 3.953 ± 0.83; p > 0.05).ConclusionDespite minor differences in performance across domains, all three LLMs demonstrated acceptable accuracy and comprehensiveness when responding to sarcopenia-related queries. Their comparable results may reflect similarly recent training data and language capabilities. These findings suggest that LLMs could potentially serve as a valuable tool in patient education and care on sarcopenia. This study provides an initial, expert-based assessment of LLM information quality regarding sarcopenia. While the responses demonstrated good accuracy, this evaluation focuses on content correctness from a clinical perspective. Future research must complement these findings by directly engaging older adult cohorts before clinical implementation can be considered. However, human oversight remains essential to ensure safe and appropriate assessment and individually tailored advice and management.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2026.1772792</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2026.1772792</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Development and validation of a machine learning-based risk prediction model for sarcopenia in community hospital patients: a retrospective cohort study]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-02-26T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Xue Zhao</author><author>Wang Yao</author><author>Jiawei Shen</author><author>Xinyu Tang</author><author>Jue Zheng</author><author>Chang Guo</author><author>Sun Ye</author><author>Miqiong Li</author><author>Chao Wang</author><author>Peihao Yin</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionSarcopenia, a progressive age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, represents a growing public health challenge amid global population aging. Early detection remains difficult with conventional diagnostic approaches.MethodsThis study aimed to develop and validate reliable machine learning (ML) models to identify key risk factors for sarcopenia in community hospital settings. Using retrospective data from 1,650 patients at a community health center, we collected comprehensive demographic, clinical, and lifestyle variables. Twelve ML models—including Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, XGBoost, and Logistic Regression—were constructed and evaluated using 5-fold cross validation.ResultsThe CatBoost, LightGBM, and Gradient Boosting Decision Tree models demonstrated superior predictive performance, with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) values of 0.999, 0.996, and 0.995, respectively. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis revealed that SARC_Cal_score, body mass index (BMI), and age belong to the most influential predictors, while a greater chronic disease burden was positively associated with sarcopenia risk.ConclusionIn conclusion, ML models show substantial potential for clinical application in identifying sarcopenia risk, thereby supporting early intervention strategies. This approach enhances detection capabilities and provides a practical tool for individualized treatment planning in community-based elderly care. Future research should integrate additional biomarkers and environmental factors to further improve model accuracy and facilitate integration into clinical workflows.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2026.1736069</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2026.1736069</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Elevated circulating GDF11 and its role in age-related sarcopenia: insights from clinical, transcriptomic, and in vitro analyses]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-02-25T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Rui Chen</author><author>Xin Dai</author><author>Hong Wang</author><author>Ting Zhang</author><author>Zhao Zhang</author><author>Yaoxia Liu</author><author>Zhen Fan</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionGrowth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11), a member of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily, has been implicated in aging and muscle homeostasis. However, its clinical relevance and mechanistic role in age-related sarcopenia remain incompletely defined.MethodsCirculating GDF11 levels were quantified in 159 participants stratified by age (<60 vs. ≥60 years) and sarcopenia status. Propensity score matching (PSM) and multivariable logistic regression analyses were applied to identify factors independently associated with sarcopenia. Mendelian randomization (MR) and mediation analyses were conducted to explore potential causal relationships and indirect pathways linking physical activity, circulating GDF11, and sarcopenia. Bioinformatic analyses integrated skeletal muscle transcriptomic datasets and protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks. Mechanistically, differentiated C2C12 myotubes were treated with recombinant GDF11 (rGDF11), followed by assessment of canonical SMAD signaling and muscle atrophy–related markers, including phosphorylated SMAD3 (immunoblotting) and the E3 ubiquitin ligases Atrogin-1 and MuRF1 at both protein (immunoblotting) and transcript (RT–qPCR) levels.ResultsCirculating GDF11 concentrations were significantly higher in older adults than in younger individuals and were further elevated in participants with sarcopenia, both before and after PSM. Multivariable logistic regression identified circulating GDF11 as an independent risk factor for sarcopenia. MR analysis supported a causal protective effect of physical activity on sarcopenia-related traits, while mediation analysis indicated that circulating GDF11 partially mediated this association. Transcriptomic analyses demonstrated that GDF11 mRNA expression in skeletal muscle remained stable regardless of sarcopenia or exercise status, suggesting that elevated circulating GDF11 is unlikely to originate from skeletal muscle. PPI network analysis highlighted enrichment of activin receptor (ACVR)–SMAD signaling pathways. Consistent with these predictions, rGDF11 treatment activated SMAD3 phosphorylation and induced a dose-dependent upregulation of Atrogin-1 and MuRF1 at both the protein and mRNA levels in C2C12 myotubes, supporting activation of a pro-atrophic ubiquitin–proteasome program.ConclusionCirculating GDF11 is elevated in individuals with sarcopenia and appears to partially mediate the protective effects of physical activity. Together with functional evidence of activation of catabolic signaling pathways, these findings support a contributory role of circulating GDF11 in age-related muscle loss.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2026.1765052</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2026.1765052</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Obesity and low lean mass are associated with dysregulated IGFBP-3, inflammatory biomarkers, and physical impairment in older adult women with frailty]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-02-18T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Brief Research Report</category>
        <author>Alan L. Fernandes</author><author>Rosa M. R. Pereira</author><author>Valeria F. Caparbo</author><author>Camila S. Figueredo</author><author>Caroline F. Gomes</author><author>Eduardo F. B. Neto</author><author>Diogo S. Domiciano</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionPrior studies indicate sex-specific obesity-frailty interactions, with postmenopausal estrogen decline increasing sarcopenic obesity risk and inflammation in women. This study evaluated circulating cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α), adipokines (adiponectin, resistin), myokines (GDF-15, BDNF, myostatin), health-related biomarkers (IGF-1, IGFBP-3), and physical performance (five-times chair stand, grip strength) in pre-frail and frail older adult women classified as having low appendicular lean mass (LALM), obesity, or obesity plus LALM.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, community-dwelling women aged ≥65 years from São Paulo, Brazil were screened (July 2022–September 2023); among 280 eligible, 88 met Fried frailty criteria. Body composition was assessed by DXA and participants were categorized as LALM (<20th percentile of residuals, −1.45), obesity (body mass index, BMI ≥30 kg/m2), or both. Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) with Bonferroni post hoc adjustments, χ2, or Fisher’s exact tests were adopted. Unadjusted (P1) and age-adjusted (P2) P-values were reported.ResultsAmong 88 frail women (72.7% pre-frail and 27.3% frail), obesity plus LALM showed lower IGFBP-3 and higher GDF-15 vs. LALM (P2 = 0.041 and P2 = 0.032); obesity had higher resistin vs. LALM (P2 = 0.012), replicated in sensitivity analysis frail-only (P2 = 0.002), elevated insulin (P2 = 0.002) and a trend slower chair stand (P2 = 0.055). GDF-15 was related with chair stand time (Pearson r = 0.285, P = 0.006; and multiple regression β = 0.309, P = 0.013).ConclusionAmong pre-frail and frail older adult women, obesity—with or without low lean mass—was associated with adverse metabolic/inflammatory profiles (higher resistin, GDF-15, insulin; lower IGFBP-3) in full and frail-only analyses, alongside a trend toward slower chair-stand performance. These cross-sectional findings highlight obesity-frailty interactions, warranting prospective validation.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2026.1748066</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2026.1748066</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Impact of comorbidities in patients with erosive hand osteoarthritis (EHOA), a monocentric study]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-02-12T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Brief Research Report</category>
        <author>S. Bindoli</author><author>G. Cozzi</author><author>C. Benvoluti</author><author>M. Lorenzin</author><author>S. Vio</author><author>P. Sfriso</author><author>M. Favero</author><author>R. Ramonda</author>
        <description><![CDATA[ObjectiveErosive hand osteoarthritis (EHOA) is a severe and rapidly progressing form of osteoarthritis that has been linked to systemic comorbidities (i.e., metabolic bone and cardiovascular diseases). The object of this study is to retrospectively evaluate the impact of comorbidities (i.e., osteoporosis, diabetes and overweight) on the clinical course and radiographic findings in a cohort of EHOA patients.DesignThis is a retrospective cross-sectional study. Patients underwent clinical assessments and completed the VAS scale, the AUSCAN and DREISER questionnaires. Metabolic, cardiovascular, and bone health data were collected. Radiographic features—osteophytes, joint space narrowing, malalignment, erosions, sclerosis, and subchondral cysts—were evaluated using the Altman system. Comorbidities were assessed using the Charlson Comorbidity Index, whereas metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and osteoporosis were defined according to the ATP III and WHO criteria. Statistical analysis was conducted via Spearman’s correlation, using GraphPad Prism 9.1.0, with significance set at p < 0.05.ResultsEighty-seven patients (88.5% female, mean age 63.17 ± 8.85) were included. Among comorbidities, 76.8% had at least one risk factor; BMI correlated with joint space narrowing (r = 0.22, p = 0.04). Severity of femoral and lumbar osteoporosis correlated with AUSCAN and DREISER scores; FRAX scores significantly correlated with several radiographic features of EHOA; VAS correlated with swollen and painful joint count, with AUSCAN and DREISER scores and with osteophytosis. Disease duration correlated with overall radiographic damage.ConclusionCardiovascular and metabolic bone comorbidities, especially overweight and osteoporosis, appear to be associated with higher pain burden, functional impairment, and greater structural damage in EHOA patients.]]></description>
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