AUTHOR=Li Philip H. , Au Elaine Y. L. , Cheong Si-Leong , Chung Ling , Fan Ka I. , Ho Marco H. K. , Leung Agnes S. Y. , Chung Martin M. H. , Wong Jane C. Y. , Coelho Ricardo 

TITLE=Hong Kong–Macau Severe Hives and Angioedema Referral Pathway

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Allergy

VOLUME=Volume 4 - 2023

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/allergy/articles/10.3389/falgy.2023.1290021

DOI=10.3389/falgy.2023.1290021

ISSN=2673-6101

ABSTRACT=A total of twenty-four CS were formulated; including four statements on classifications and definitions, seven statements on diagnosis, and thirteen statements on management and referral.Definitions for acute/chronic urticaria and severe CSU were stated. Unnecessary investigations and inappropriate medications were discouraged. The characteristics and recommend approach to suspected bradykinergic angioedema was specified. Stepwise treatment options using second-generation antihistamines, omalizumab or cyclosporin for patients with CSU were addressed, and the importance of access to HAE-specific medications was emphasized. Furthermore, an integrated referral pathway for patients with severe hives and angioedema was constructed.SHARP provides guidance for management and specialist referral of patients with severe hives and angioedema in Hong Kong and Macau.