AUTHOR=Intoccia Gabriele , Chirico Ugo , Schiano Di Cola Vincenzo , Pepe Giovanni Piero , Cuomo Salvatore 

TITLE=Quantum adaptive search: a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm for global optimization of multivariate functions

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Applied Mathematics and Statistics

VOLUME=Volume 11 - 2025

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/applied-mathematics-and-statistics/articles/10.3389/fams.2025.1662682

DOI=10.3389/fams.2025.1662682

ISSN=2297-4687

ABSTRACT=IntroductionWe present Quantum Adaptive Search (QAGS), a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm for global optimization of multivariate functions. The method employs an adaptive mechanism that dynamically narrows the search space based on a quantum-estimated probability distribution of the objective function.MethodsA quantum state encodes information about solution quality through a complex-amplitude mapping, enabling identification of promising regions and progressive tightening of the search bounds; a classical optimizer then performs local refinement. The analysis shows contraction of the search space toward global optima with controlled computational complexity.ResultsIn simulation on standard benchmarks (Rastrigin, Styblinski-Tang, Rosenbrock), QAGS attains solutions at or near the true minima with very small absolute errors. Against an Adaptive Grid Search on the Sphere function, QAGS achieves comparable accuracy and shows increasing efficiency with dimensionality.DiscussionThese results indicate that amplitude-encoded region selection combined with classical refinement effectively contracts the search space and can reduce time and space requirements, especially at higher dimensions, while practical hardware implementations of amplitude encoding remain challenging.